Legal Battles: Transgender Inmates’ Rights

Redcay, Alex; Luquet, Wade; Phillips, Lorraine; Huggin, McKenzie E.

doi:10.1177/0032885520956628

Cited by 41 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition of the results of the 2015 USTS, multiple studies have demonstrated significant and disturbing levels of risk factors for those who identify as a gender minority such as transgender, bigender, genderqueer, nonbinary, and so forth For example, transgender folx repeatedly have been found to have alarmingly high levels of psychological distress, felt and enacted stigma, higher levels of minority stress, and lower levels of social support (Antebi-Gruszka et al, 2021;Budge et al, 2013;Dargie et al, 2014;Redcay et al, 2019Redcay et al, , 2020Reisner et al, 2014Reisner et al, , 2015Taube & Mussap, 2020).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Warren et al (2016) found that when compared with cisgender sexual minorities, genderqueer folx have a greater personal history of mental health concerns, a higher family history of mental health issues, and a greater level of perceived need for mental health care. However, one commonality among all gender diverse folx, particularly those who identify as nonbinary and genderqueer, is they experience high levels of invisibility in health care settings and practice settings for fear of negative socially-based interactions (Jaspal et al, 2018;Pandya & Redcay, 2021;Redcay et al, 2019Redcay et al, , 2020Taylor et al, 2018;Thorne et al, 2019).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deepening understanding of nuanced identity within the transgender community through an exploration of posttraumatic growth.

Counselman-Carpenter¹,

Redcay²

2023

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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This study examines the impact of a marginalized sexual orientation identity and gender identity on family support, socialization, spirituality, psychological distress, and suicide risk using secondary data analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender survey. Unique intragroup differences and vulnerabilities between those who identify as transgender and those who identify as transgender and genderqueer/nonbinary, and those who also identify with a marginalized sexual orientation were identified. Genderqueer/nonbinary individuals had lower rates of family support and higher rates of psychological distress when compared to transgender individuals. Genderqueer/nonbinary individuals had higher rates of socialization with the transgender community and lower rates of suicide risk, when compared with transgender individuals. Gender identity did not impact spirituality. Participants who reported a marginalized sexual orientation identity had significantly lower levels of family support, higher levels of psychological distress, were less likely to be spiritual but also had higher levels of socialization with the transgender community when compared with participants who reported a heterosexual identity. Sexual orientation did not impact suicide risk. This analysis presents novel insights indicating the presence of factors related to posttraumatic growth within the transgender community. Implications for practice, policy, and future research for those who identify as transgender and genderqueer/nonbinary, particularly related to risk and protective factors are discussed. Public Significance StatementThis study examines the impact of a marginalized sexual orientation identity and gender identity on family support, socialization, spirituality, psychological distress, and suicide risk using secondary data analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender survey. Findings include recommendations to facilitate posttraumatic growth and for further research specifically related to individuals who identify as both genderqueer/nonbinary and transgender.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deepening understanding of nuanced identity within the transgender community through an exploration of posttraumatic growth.

Counselman-Carpenter¹,

Redcay²

2023

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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“…vaginoplasty, orchiectomy) be incarcerated in a men's prison, typically accommodated in a single occupancy cell or protected areas such as administrative segregation or solitary confinement (Federal Bureau of Prisons, 2018; Queensland Corrective Services, 2021). These housing policies commonly result in experiences of psychological distress and verbal, physical, and sexual abuse (Brömdal et al, 2019a; Brömdal et al, 2019b; Ledesma and Ford, 2020; Lydon et al ., 2015; Malkin and DeJong, 2018; Markshamer and Harper, 2014; National Center for Transgender Equality, 2018; Phillips et al ., 2020; Redcay et al, 2020; Tadros et al, 2020; Van Hout et al, 2020; White Hughto et al ., 2018). Furthermore, incarcerated trans women frequently report a lack of access to gender-affirming health care (e.g.…”

Section: Lived Experiences Of Trans Incarcerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…male or female). This setting often prioritizes notions of safety and security over supporting the overall health and rights of incarcerated trans persons, resulting in trans women who have not legally affirmed gender being housed in men's settings (Brömdal et al, 2019a; Brömdal et al, 2019b; Hughto et al, 2022; Redcay et al, 2020; Van Hout et al, 2020; White Hughto et al, 2018). 1 The limited research exploring the lived experiences of incarcerated trans women has been predominantly conducted within the North American context (Brömdal et al, 2019a; Brömdal et al, 2019b; Van Hout et al, 2020), including two recent studies exploring how heteronormative policies and hypermasculine culture and practices in men's incarceration settings disrupt trans women's embodiment and lived experiences of their trans-ness while incarcerated (Rosenberg and Oswin, 2015; Rosenberg, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans architecture and the prison as archive: “don’t be a queen and you won’t be arrested”

Sanders

Gildersleeve

Halliwell

et al. 2022

Punishment & Society

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Most incarceration settings around the world are governed by strong cisnormative policies, architectures, and social expectations that segregate according to a person's legal gender (i.e. male or female). This paper draws on the lived experiences of 24 formerly incarcerated trans women in Australia and the U.S. to elucidate the way in which the prison functions according to Lucas Crawford's theory of trans architecture, alongside Jacques Derrida's notion of archive fever. The paper displays how the cisnormative archive of the justice system and its architectural constructs impact trans women in men's incarceration settings, including how trans women entering the incarceration setting are able to embody gender in a way that is not reified by the insistences of those normative structures. In light of this, this paper advances a theoretical understanding of the prison as an archive and as an architectural construct, providing a new means of understanding how incarcerated trans persons may use and perform gender to survive carceral violence.

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“…In most countries, including Australia, incarceration settings are segregated by the person's sex assigned at birth (i.e., male or female setting). As a result, trans women who are not legally recognized as women are typically incarcerated in carceral settings intended for men (Brömdal, Clark, et al, 2019 ; Brömdal, Mullens, et al, 2019 ; Brömdal et al, 2022 ; Redcay et al, 2020 ; Van Hout et al, 2020 ; White Hughto et al, 2018 ;). This classification accords with medicalized views of being trans, which historically viewed trans individuals as medically deviant, labeling them initially as transexual (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980 ) and subsequently as suffering from Gender Identity Disorder (APA, 1994 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A trans agent of social change in incarceration: A psychobiographical study of Natasha Keating

Plessis

Halliwell

Mullens

et al. 2022

Journal of Personality

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Objectives This psychobiography focuses on the advocacy work of Natasha Keating, a trans woman incarcerated in two male prisons in Australia between 2000 and 2007. Incarcerated trans women are a vulnerable group who experience high levels of victimization and discrimination. However, Natasha advocated for her rights while incarcerated and this advocacy contributed to substantial changes in the carceral system. This psychobiography uses psychological understandings of resilience as well as the Transgender Resilience Intervention Model (TRIM) to investigate the factors that enabled this advocacy. Method Data consisted of an archive of letters written by Natasha and interviews with individuals who knew her well. This psychobiography was guided by du Plessis' (2017) 12‐step approach and included the identification of psychological saliencies and the construction of a Multilayered Chronological Chart. Results Natasha's life is presented in four chapters, with each chapter including a discussion of resilience based on the TRIM. Conclusions The TRIM suggests that during incarceration, Natasha was able to access more group‐level resilience factors than at any other time in her life. This, combined with individual resilience factors, enabled her advocacy. This finding has implications for advocacy in general as it highlights the importance of both individual‐ and group‐level factors in enabling individuals to effectively advocate for change in their environments.

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Legal Battles: Transgender Inmates’ Rights

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Deepening understanding of nuanced identity within the transgender community through an exploration of posttraumatic growth.

Deepening understanding of nuanced identity within the transgender community through an exploration of posttraumatic growth.

Trans architecture and the prison as archive: “don’t be a queen and you won’t be arrested”

A trans agent of social change in incarceration: A psychobiographical study of Natasha Keating

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