Legal Status of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Practice of Application and Challenges in Pakistan

Ali, Farasat; Khan, Imran; Asghar, Waleed; Liao, Zhenmei; Beghum, Sobia; Douven, W.; Khan, Kamran Ali

doi:10.4172/2252-5211.1000341

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The highest proportion (42.3 per cent) of the respondents had moderate knowledge on SEA, while 32.7 per cent had good knowledge and only 25.0 per cent of the respondents had poor knowledge on SEA as a term. On the other hand, the highest proportion (59.6 per cent) of the respondents had poor knowledge on SEA conduction, while 24.0 per cent had moderate knowledge and only 16.3 per cent of the respondents had good knowledge on SEA conduction.The greatest proportion (56.7 percent) respondents possessed slightly favourable attitude while only 16.3 percent of the respondents had highly favourable attitude towards SEA.Ali et al [5] found also similar result from Pakistan and Omondi [8] from Kenya.…”

Section: Sea Profile Of the Respondentsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…More or less similar condition also found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka etc. as south Asian countries [5,6].…”

Section: Practice Status Of Sea In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also strengthens the PPPs making process, thereby providing a number of immediate and longer-term benefits for development agencies, planning authorities and governments. Although SEA become more popular across the globe after European Union Directive on SEA, 2001 and Keive protocol, 2003 [4], South Asia countries like Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Vietnam South Korea, and Indonesia already transposed SEA as tool in their environment assessment system to consider environmental and social consequences of policies, plans and programmes (PPPs) [5,6]. SEA also appearing in Nepal, Pakistan and India in different PPPs particularly, forest planning, hydropower development, drainage programs, coastal zone planning and industrial development [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategic Environmental Assessment: Current Status, Practices and Challenges in Bangladesh

Hossan

Bari

Rahman

et al. 2021

IJECC

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Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is an appraisal device of policies, plans, and programs and has evolved from an alternative of environmental impact assessment (EIA) to a potential environmental policy integration tool in national policy planning. Bangladesh has likewise rendered SEA in its environmental evaluation framework to consider environmental and social outcomes of policies, plans, and programs(PPPs), but the practice and current situation of SEA in Bangladesh is unknown to all. Considering this crisis the study was carried out to analyze the present status of SEA as well as to find out the constraints for successful SEA implementation in Bangladesh as an approach to integrate environmental considerations in the PPPs. The data were collected through multiple methodological techniques including document review as well as survey by standard questionnaire and key informant interviews (KIIs) with different stakeholders of the various backgrounds of Bangladesh related to policymaking. The study showed that SEA first appeared in Bangladesh in 2006 with the support of the World Bank as a donor agency and the first SEA was done in Bangladesh on the Dhaka metropolitan development plan in 2007. But through the enactment of the National Environmental Policy 2018, SEA gained formal status in the country. Now, This study also revealed that most of the organizations (government and non-government) i.e. 55.77 percent never practice SEA whereas only 15.38 percent of organizations of Bangladesh practice SEA on regular basis, and 28.85 percent of organizations practiced partially for assessing SEA in their proposed PPPs. A diverse list of constraints such as lack of political will, lacking awareness of SEA, inadequate finance, weak enforcement of environmental law, and inadequate knowledge of the implementation of SEA in PPPs were identified. Therefore, awareness building, capacity development, and proper training on SEA in Bangladesh are urgently needed.

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Section: Sea Profile Of the Respondentsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…More or less similar condition also found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka etc. as south Asian countries [5,6].…”

Section: Practice Status Of Sea In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategic Environmental Assessment: Current Status, Practices and Challenges in Bangladesh

Hossan

Bari

Rahman

et al. 2021

IJECC

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“…China and Pakistan need legal cooperation mechanisms and homogeneous commercial codes to make the infrastructure development of CPEC more reliable [83,84]. Through a literature survey of existing studies, the government of Pakistan needs to strictly adhere to a distinct growth plan by incorporating green information, communication and technology (ICT) for all projects under the head of CPEC [85,86].…”

Section: Recommendations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Environmental Policy Implications under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Perspective of Environmental Laws and Sustainable Development

Khan

2021

Sustainability

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Environmental issues know no boundaries and are recognised as a matter of regional and/or global concern, and neighbouring countries have to face shared environmental effects. Environmental laws internationally, particularly in the last thirty years, have grown significantly and have contributed to environmental protection in a variety of national, regional and international management strategies. In recent years, environmental legislation has entered into a responsible and mature phase in several non-Western countries, particularly in Asia. The present study examines the shared environmental obligations of regional or neighbouring countries using China and Pakistan as a case study and provides references from international (environmental) laws as well as states’ best practices. This study adopts a well-defined analytical methodology to not only investigate the implications of environmental laws but also to define the gaps in the existing framework of environmental laws in the region and recommend appropriate grounds to systematically fill these gaps through much-needed legal cooperation before it is too late. The study provides a detailed analysis and pertinent knowledge horizons, and concludes that there is an abrupt need for China and Pakistan to revise their trade agreements and include the environment as an integral part of each mega-infrastructural activity, including the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Most of the potential outcomes are already known but there is little academic discussion available concerning the perspective of cross-boundary environmental laws, and the present study intends to fill this gap.

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Legal Status of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Practice of Application and Challenges in Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Strategic Environmental Assessment: Current Status, Practices and Challenges in Bangladesh

Strategic Environmental Assessment: Current Status, Practices and Challenges in Bangladesh

An Assessment of Environmental Policy Implications under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Perspective of Environmental Laws and Sustainable Development

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