Legislation should support optimal breastfeeding practices and access to low‐cost, high‐quality complementary foods: Indonesia provides a case study

Soekarjo, Damayanti; Zehner, Elizabeth

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00354.x

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Slowly, global policy frameworks are being built to support MNP supply. For example, to address regulatory challenges, global efforts are underway to provide specific guidance on MNP labelling in the National Codex Alimentarius (CODEX, ; Soekarjo & Zehner, ; Zlotkin, Siekmann, Lartey, & Yang, ), to mitigate the inappropriate promotion of foods for infants and young children (WHO, ). This may help ease MNP classification issues in the long term, and in the meantime, countries can refer to Home Fortification Technical Advisory Group tools to help ensure that local MNP marketing does not violate the Code for the Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes (HF‐TAG, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences and lessons learned for planning and supply of micronutrient powders interventions

Schauer

Sunley

Melgarejo³

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Realistic planning for a nutrition intervention is a critical component of implementation, yet effective approaches have been poorly documented. Under the auspices of “The Micronutrient Powders Consultation: Lessons Learned for Operational Guidance,” 3 working groups were formed to summarize experiences and lessons across countries regarding micronutrient powders (MNP) interventions for young children. This paper focuses on programmatic experiences in the planning stages of an MNP intervention, encompassing assessment, enabling environment and adaptation, as well as considerations for supply. Methods included a review of published and grey literature, key informant interviews, and deliberations throughout the consultation process. We found that assessments helped justify adopting an MNP intervention, but these assessments were often limited by their narrow scope and inadequate data. Establishing coordinating bodies and integrating MNP into existing policies and programmes have helped foster an enabling environment and support programme stability. Formative research and pilots have been used to adapt MNP interventions to specific contexts, but they have been insufficient to inform scale‐up. In terms of supply, most countries have opted to procure MNP through international suppliers, but this still requires understanding and navigating the local regulatory environment at the earliest stages of an intervention. Overall, these findings indicate that although some key planning and supply activities are generally undertaken, improvements are needed to plan for effective scale‐up. Much still needs to be learned on MNP planning, and we propose a set of research questions that require further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences and lessons learned for planning and supply of micronutrient powders interventions

Schauer

Sunley

Melgarejo³

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…Different nations have various rules for introducing a new category of products. As shown in Indonesia (Soekarjo & Zehner 2011) and Kenya (CJ Jones, personal communication), a new standard for CFSs is required for initiating a market‐based project. In Bangladesh, government authorities did not allow promotion of Monimix, an MNP, through mass media when the product was first introduced through social marketing, which affected the volume of sales (Mr Mahbubur Rahman, personal communication).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a programme to market a complementary food supplement (Ying Yang Bao) and impacts on anaemia and feeding practices in Shanxi, China

Sun

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2011

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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In China, a full fat soy powder mixed with multiple micronutrient powders (Ying Yang Bao (YYB)) was developed, and the efficacy of YYB was shown in controlling anaemia and improving child growth and development. However, prior to 2008, there was no sustainable way to provide YYB to vulnerable populations, except through free distribution by the government. This study was to test the concept of public-private partnership (PPP) to deliver YYB and to evaluate the effectiveness of marketing YYB through PPP. Programme activities included development of a complementary food supplement (CFS) national standard, product concept test, product development and marketing, behavior change communication, monitoring and evaluation. Baseline and end-line surveys were used to evaluate product awareness, purchasing and the impacts of the project on anaemia and feeding practices. A Chinese CFS standard was approved. Caregivers and their 6-to-24-month-old children participated in the baseline (n = 226) and the end-line survey (n = 221). A concept test at the baseline survey showed that 78% of caregivers were willing to buy YYB at 0.1 USD. After developing the product and implementing the intervention for 8 months, 59.6% of surveyed caregivers purchased YYB.While not significant, the prevalence of anaemia was marginally lower at the end line (28.8%) than at the baseline (36.2%). For those purchasing YYB, the risk of anaemia was significantly reduced by 87% of odds (P < 0.009). The end-line survey found that feeding practices had improved significantly following the intervention. An enabling policy and regulatory environment in which CFSs are defined and parameters for appropriate marketing are identified as a prerequisite for marketing YYB or other nutritious CFS. Public and private advocacy and marketing could successfully increase awareness of YYB and access and use through market channels. The YYB project may be effective for reducing anaemia and improving feeding practices.

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“…Young infants thrive best when exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life and after that, a prompt and proper complementary foods need to be introduced in addition to continued breastfeeding in order to fully meet their nutrient requirements for optimal growth (WHO and UNICEF, 2003;Soekarjo & Zehner, 2011). Previous studies have shown that proper combination, processing and blending of certain cereals and legumes have the potential to provide nutrients and serve as complementary food for infants (Fernandez et al, 2002;Solomon, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortified commercial complementary foods are unavailable in rural areas and where available are usually expensive beyond the reach of most families in rural areas especially in Nigeria (Ikujenlola, 2014). Furthermore, rather than replacing the local foods or requiring the low income mothers to buy the expensive commercially available fortified weaning/complementary diet correct combination/formulation of their locally cultivated cereals and legumes that are readily available to the family can be a feasible approach to addressing the nutritional requirements of these infants since 90% of the people living in the northern region of Nigeria rely on crop cultivation as their primary source of livelihood (Soekarjo & Zehner, 2011). (FAO/WHO/UNICEF, 1971) has emphasized the use of local foods formulation should be guided by the following principles: (i) high nutritional quality to supplement breastfeeding (ii) acceptability (iii) low price (iv) use of local food item (Dewey and Brown, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient composition of a low-cost infant’s diet formulated from five locally available foodstuffs in northern Nigeria

Joel¹,

Mafulul²,

Kutshik³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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In Northern Nigeria, malnutrition remains a major public health problem. This is because the predominant population of rural communities who are low income subsistence farmers cannot afford the commercial fortified infant's food. This research was design to formulate and assess the nutrient composition of a cost effective infant's diet from locally/readily available staple foodstuffs. This is aimed at improving the nutritional status of vulnerable infants and young Children in Northern Nigeria. Standard chemical methods were used to determine the nutrients and antinutrients of the formulated diet and the respective values compared to commonly used commercial complementary diet (as indicated by the manufacturer) in Nigerian market. The results showed that the crude protein of formulated diet was 16.29g/100g which is higher than 15g/100g for control (commercial weaning diet). The energy value of the formulated diet (416.7kcal/100g) is comparable to that of the commercial diet (410.0kcal/100g). The concentrations of zinc (31.0mg/100g) and iron (8.01mg/100g) in the formulated diet were significantly higher (p<0.05) than their corresponding values in the commercial diet. All the essential amino acids were present in the formulated diet. It can be concluded that proper selection and combination of local foodstuffs can provide a cheap and nutritionally rich weaning diet.

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Legislation should support optimal breastfeeding practices and access to low‐cost, high‐quality complementary foods: Indonesia provides a case study

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Experiences and lessons learned for planning and supply of micronutrient powders interventions

Experiences and lessons learned for planning and supply of micronutrient powders interventions

Implementation of a programme to market a complementary food supplement (Ying Yang Bao) and impacts on anaemia and feeding practices in Shanxi, China

Nutrient composition of a low-cost infant’s diet formulated from five locally available foodstuffs in northern Nigeria

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