Legislative responses to wrongful conviction: Do partisan principals and advocacy efforts influence state-level criminal justice policy?

Kent, Stephanie L.; Carmichael, Jason T.

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.01.004

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Lobbying and legislative efforts often focus on lawmakers' political party, but research linking political ideology and wrongful conviction policies has been inconsistent. For example, Kent and Carmichael (2015) found that states with a Republican controlled legislature or more Republican voters were less likely to pass laws to protect against wrongful convictions. These include measures to improve access to postconviction DNA testing, protect against false convictions, or modify eyewitness identification procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

Karaffa

Page

Koch

2015

Criminal Justice Policy Review

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Those who have been wrongfully imprisoned face a variety of challenges upon reentering the community, and monetary compensation may be helpful in rebuilding one's life following a period of incarceration. However, very little is known about factors that may impact public attitudes regarding compensation policy. Using a sample of 396 university students, we investigated the role of exonerees' race/ ethnicity and prior conviction history, as well as participants' socially dominant and right-wing authoritarian attitudes in explaining beliefs about financial compensation. Results suggest that males, minority group members, and older participants tended to rate hypothetical exonerees as more deserving of financial compensation. Perceptions of deservingness for compensation did not differ according to the exonerees' race/ ethnicity, but exonerees who had no prior convictions were perceived as more deserving compared with those with prior misdemeanor or felony drug convictions. Participants' right-wing authoritarianism scores were negatively associated with deservingness scores, whereas social dominance orientation scores were not significantly related to deservingness, after controlling for participant demographics and exoneree factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

Karaffa

Page

Koch

2015

Criminal Justice Policy Review

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“…For example, many jurisdictions are without laws requiring the preservation of evidence following trial or appeal, hopelessly stymying many defendants from investigating and pursuing postconviction challenges to guilty verdicts (Kent & Carmichael, 2015). Approximately 20 states lack statutory provisions authorizing compensation for the wrongfully convicted, and in other states, compensation is shockingly low or unavailable unless exonerees satisfy difficult restrictive preconditions (Brown, 2016; Norris, 2014).…”

Section: Mountains To Movementioning

confidence: 99%

Taking Stock of Innocence

Acker¹

2016

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice

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This article offers a brief overview of the current state of the Innocence Movement. It begins by reviewing what we know, and do not know, about the incidence of wrongful convictions and their correlates and causes. It then explores select issues that should receive greater attention to help sustain the Innocence Movement and ensure its advancement. Acknowledging that much has been learned about wrongful convictions and that important reforms have been enacted, the article concludes by observing that significant challenges remain and must be addressed before efforts to guard against convicting the innocent are relaxed.

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“…Studies have confirmed that certain groups -such as policy-makers, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and academicsinfluence legislators by sharing research and anecdotes, giving testimony, and providing a window into constituents' views [11][12][13][14]. This type of activity also gives legislators a sense of the breadth of support for a given piece of proposed legislation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Motivates Stakeholder Groups to Focus on Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies?

Rutkow¹,

Jones-Smith²,

Walters³

et al. 2016

J Child Obes

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Objective: Legislators are increasingly interested in preventing childhood obesity, and public policy offers one option to address this epidemic. Broad support is critical to advancing policies on legislators' agendas, but little is known about what influences relevant organizations to focus on childhood obesity prevention policies. We explored factors that encourage and hinder policy-makers, non-governmental organizations, and academics from focusing on childhood obesity prevention policies. Methods:From September 2014-April 2015, we conducted semi-structured interviews with individuals from the following groups: policy-makers (n = 12), nongovernmental organizations (n = 24), and academics (n = 7). Interviews were conducted with individuals in 19 U.S. states and Washington, DC about facilitators and impediments to their organizations' focus on childhood obesity prevention policies. Results:Identified facilitators included collaborations and partnerships; funding for programs related to obesity prevention; and available data and related research. An additional facilitator noted by representatives of NGOs was increased awareness of childhood obesity. Impediments included lack of financial resources; influence of the food and beverage industries; and institutional barriers, such as limitations on advocacy for NGOs. Conclusion:Stakeholder and researcher engagement brings important issues to policy-makers' attention and raises the profile of proposed legislation. For organizations that promote childhood obesity prevention policies -or are interested in becoming involved in this work -our findings highlight key factors to consider in strategic planning and related processes.Keywords: Childhood obesity; Public health practice; Health policy; Government IntroductionApproximately 17% of U.S. children are obese, which elevates their lifetime risk for numerous chronic health conditions [1][2][3]. Experts have identified various, synergistic approaches to mitigate childhood obesity, such as altering school food environments, conducting outreach and education to children and families, and improving communities' green spaces [4][5][6]. An additional, and related, option involves the use of public policy, such as legislation or regulation. At all levels of government, policy-makers have demonstrated a growing interest in childhood obesity prevention. For example, the number of childhood obesity prevention bills introduced and passed into law by state-level policy-makers has notably increased during the last decade [7][8][9].Broad support is key for childhood obesity prevention policies to advance on legislators' agendas [10]. Studies have confirmed that certain groups -such as policy-makers, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and academicsinfluence legislators by sharing research and anecdotes, giving testimony, and providing a window into constituents' views [11][12][13][14]. This type of activity also gives legislators a sense of the breadth of support for a given piece of proposed legislation [15]. Thus, to prom...

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Legislative responses to wrongful conviction: Do partisan principals and advocacy efforts influence state-level criminal justice policy?

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

Taking Stock of Innocence

What Motivates Stakeholder Groups to Focus on Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies?

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