Legume Crops Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity for Science and Breeding

Smýkal, Petr; Coyne, Clarice J.; Ambrose, M.; Maxted, Nigel; Schaefer, Hanno; Blair, Matthew W.; Berger, Jens; Greene, Stephanie L.; Nelson, Matthew N.; Besharat, Naghmeh; Vymyslický, Tomáš; Toker, Cengiz; Saxena, Rachit K.; Roorkiwal, Manish; Pandey, Manish K.; Hu, Jinguo; Li, Ying H.; Wang, Li X.; Guo, Yong; Qiu, Li; Redden, R. J.; Varshney, Rajeev K.

doi:10.1080/07352689.2014.897904

Cited by 274 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 551 publications

(557 reference statements)

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“…However, conservation programs are not considered important by the government and have therefore not received economic support, resulting in the low representation of wild crop relatives in germplasm banks (Castañeda‐Álvarez et al., 2016; Maxted et al., 2016). In addition, it is necessary to know the conditions of in situ conservation to conduct long‐term monitoring because of the advantages of low maintenance costs and the dynamic evolution of populations that this type of conservation offers (Acosta‐Díaz et al., 2015; Ramírez‐Villegas et al., 2014; Smýkal et al., 2015). Furthermore, we must consider the threats to wild germplasm caused by agriculture, urbanization, invasive species, contamination, mining, and climate change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of wild beans from Mexico

Cerda-Hurtado

Máyek-Pérez

Muruaga‐Martínez

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Despite its economic, social, biological, and cultural importance, wild forms of the genus Phaseolus are not well represented in germplasm banks, and they are at great risk due to changes in land use as well as climate change. To improve our understanding of the potential geographical distribution of wild beans (Phaseolus spp.) from Mexico and support in situ and ex situ conservation programs, we determined the climatic adaptation ranges of 29 species and two subspecies of Phaseolus collected throughout Mexico. Based on five biotic and 117 abiotic variables obtained from different databases—WorldClim, Global‐Aridity, and Global‐PET—we performed principal component and cluster analyses. Germplasm was distributed among 12 climatic types from a possible 28. The general climatic ranges were as follows: 8–3,083 m above sea level; 12.07–26.96°C annual mean temperature; 10.33–202.68 mm annual precipitation; 9.33–16.56 W/m2 of net radiation; 11.68–14.23 hr photoperiod; 0.06–1.57 aridity index; and 10–1,728 mm/month of annual potential evapotranspiration. Most descriptive variables (25) clustered species into two groups: One included germplasm from semihot climates, and the other included germplasm from temperate climates. Species clustering showed 45% to 54% coincidence with species previously grouped using molecular data. The species P. filiformis, P. purpusii, and P. maculatus were found at low‐humidity locations; these species could be used to improve our understanding of the extreme aridity adaptation mechanisms used by wild beans to avoid or tolerate climate change as well as to introgress favorable alleles into new cultivars adapted to hot, dry environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of wild beans from Mexico

Cerda-Hurtado

Máyek-Pérez

Muruaga‐Martínez

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Seed developers often have germplasm collections for crops that include most of the major cultivation regions of the world (Butruille et al, 2015;Smýkal et al, 2015). This germplasm is adapted for breeding in Maize proteins (300-400 amino acids long) from 2 alleles differ by 3-4 amino acids Tenaillon et al (2001) Maize genome has 55 million SNPs Gore et al (2009) Green Revolution gene has 2 SNPs for dwarf wheat Peng et al (1999) One SNP caused loss of shattering in domestic rice Konishi et al (2006) Tall or short pea plants (Mendel) Ellis et al (2011) Silva et al (2013) Only 81% of Brassica genes are always present in the same number Golicz et al (2016) 2500 genes found only in either B73 or PH207 Hirsch et al (2016) G. soja genotypes can vary by 1000 to 3000 gene families from each other Li et al (2014) 1992).…”

Section: Conventional Plant Breeding Sources Of Genetic Variation Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes

et al. 2017

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Commercial‐scale plant breeding is a complex process in which new crop varieties are continuously being developed to improve yield and agronomic performance over current varieties. A wide array of naturally occurring genetic changes are sources of new characteristics available to plant breeders. During conventional plant breeding, genetic material is exchanged that has the potential to beneficially or adversely affect plant characteristics. For this reason, commercial‐scale breeders have implemented extensive plant selection practices to identify the top‐performing candidates with the desired characteristics while minimizing the advancement of unintended changes. Selection practices in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding involve phenotypic assessments of thousands of candidate lines throughout hundreds of different environmental conditions over many years. Desirable characteristics can also be introduced through genetic modification. For genetically modified (GM) crops, molecular analysis is used to select transformed plants with a single copy of an intact DNA insert and without disruption of endogenous genes. All the while, GM crops go through the same extensive phenotypic characterization as conventionally bred crops. Data from both conventional and GM maize breeding programs are presented to show the similarities between these two processes.

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“…The genus Trifolium L. is cosmopolitan, with about 255 species occurring mostly in the northern hemisphere (Zohary and Heller 1984, Gillett and Taylor 2001, Smýkal et al 2015. According to Ellison et al (2006) and Zohary and Heller (1984), the genus presumably originated in the eastern regions of the Mediterranean where the largest number and greatest variety of species are concentrated to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and taxonomy of the Italian clovers belonging to Trifolium sect. Vesicastrum subsect. Mystillus (Fabaceae)

Scoppola¹,

Lattanzi²,

Bernardo³

2016

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Citation: Scoppola A, Lattanzi E, Bernardo L (2016) Distribution and taxonomy of the Italian clovers belonging to Trifolium sect. Vesicastrum subsect. Mystillus (Fabaceae). Italian Botanist 2: 7-27. doi: 10.3897/italianbotanist.2.10361 AbstractIn this paper, we focused our attention on the taxonomy and distribution in Italy of taxa belonging to Trifolium sect. Vesicastrum subsect. Mystillus. A short description of these closely related clovers, based on the study of fresh plant material, revision of herbarium specimens, and analysis of the relevant literature, is provided. Diagnostic features were highlighted by means of high-resolution digital images and, accordingly, an identification key is given. Trifolium spumosum, T. vesiculosum, T. mutabile and T. setiferum are reported to be distributed throughout Italy. We have updated the Italian distribution of the first three species by providing new occurrences from Tuscany, Umbria, Campania, Basilicata, and Calabria and by correcting previous references. The current presence of T. multistriatum in southern Italy is confirmed by our study, while T. setiferum must be excluded from the flora of Sicily. The study resulted in five new regional occurrences and 16 changes of presence status. Finally, intermediate forms between T. vesiculosum, T. multistriatum and T. mutabile were found both in living material and in the revised herbarium specimens.

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Legume Crops Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity for Science and Breeding

Cited by 274 publications

References 551 publications

Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of wild beans from Mexico

Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of wild beans from Mexico

Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes

Distribution and taxonomy of the Italian clovers belonging to Trifolium sect. Vesicastrum subsect. Mystillus (Fabaceae)

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