Legumes for Sustainable Soil and Crop Management

Rani, Kavita; Sharma, Pankaj; Kumar, Sandeep; Wati, Leela; Kumar, Rakesh; GURJAR, D S; Kumar, Dileep

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8832-3_6

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Due to the involvement of food legumes such as pulses in nutritional diversity that helps to eliminate hunger and malnutrition, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations stated 2016 as the International Year of Pulses [11]. Food legumes can potentially manage sustainable agriculture through the enhancement of productivity as well as crop diversity and a reduction in the dependency on external inputs, as food legumes have the capabilities of nitrogen (N) fixation by biological means, efficient roles in nutrient and water retention, the ability to increase soil organic matter (SOM) and aid the recovery of soil health by improving soil properties [26]. As one of the most important food legume producing countries, India has started introducing cool-season food legumes that fit the rice-fallow ecology to change the rice-fallow system into a rice-food legume system that will help to not only uplift the socio-economic condition of smallholder rice farmers, ensuring their food and nutritional security, but also to break the pests and diseases cycle of rice and improve the soil's structure and fertility through the augmentation of the overall sustainable productivity of the rice-fallow system [27].…”

Section: Economic Importance Of Food Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Stresses: Alteration of Composition and Grain Quality in Food Legumes

et al. 2021

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Abiotic stresses varyingly affect the grain composition and quality of food legumes. This paper is aimed at discussing the impact of abiotic stresses on the grain composition and quality of food legumes. As protein is the main grain constituent of food legumes for which it is being consumed by humans as a cheap protein source, abiotic stresses such as heat, cold, drought, salinity and heavy metals alter this grain protein content in different dimensions for different food legumes. Moreover, other valuable constituents such as starch, soluble sugar, oil, fatty acid and fiber content are affected differently by the abiotic stresses. The diverse impact of these abiotic stresses ultimately declines the grain quality and yield of food legumes. As food legumes play a vital role in the nutritional diet of millions of people in the world and are occasionally denoted as the meat of poor people, it is important to recognize that the sustainable production of food legumes, even under various environmental stresses, has the potential to ensure protein security for people globally. Therefore, it has become a necessity to improve the productivity and quality of food legumes under abiotic stresses through proper crop management and improved breeding strategies, thus enhancing food and economic security to the farmers, particularly in the developing countries of the world.

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Section: Economic Importance Of Food Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Stresses: Alteration of Composition and Grain Quality in Food Legumes

et al. 2021

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“…Grain legumes have been recognized for their vital role in addressing global food security, human health, and nutritional security challenges as well as in tackling the challenges of soil and environmental health from the very beginning [13,14]. In this context, lentils (Lens culinaris Medick., Fabaceae) are a boon to restoring the inherent physio-chemical and biological properties of soil for maintaining its fertility with biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Lens culinaris Medik.

et al. 2022

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Enhancing nutrient use efficiencies (NUEs) is an important factor in achieving the long-term sustainability of a production system. Our two-year experiment was aimed at accessing the NUEs of the integration of macro- and micronutrient fertilization responses of three lentil (Lens culinaris) cultivars. Three cultivars were planted in the main plots, and ten nutrient combinations were used in the sub-plots: N1, control; N2, 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (20:40—N:P2O5); N3, vermicompost (VC) at 2 t ha−1; N4, 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) + 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (RDP) + VC at 1 t ha−1; N5, RDF + 0.5% ZnSO4; N6, RDF + 0.5% FeSO4; N7, RDF + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4; N8, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4; N9, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% FeSO4; and N10, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4. The results show that the cultivar HM-1 (1.59–1.61 Mg ha−1) recorded a significantly higher seed yield than cultivars Sapna (1.31–1.33 Mg ha−1) and Garima (both 1.30 Mg ha−1), while the cultivar Sapna had significantly more stover yield (1.86–1.90 Mg ha−1) than cultivar HM-1 (1.68–1.73 Mg ha−1). Cultivar HM-1 was more efficient in terms of partial factor productivity for N (77.5–78.5 kg kg−1), P (48.2–48.7 kg kg−1), K (143.6–145.5 kg kg−1), Zn (1336–1352 kg kg−1), and Fe (417–421 kg kg−1) than Sapna and Garima. Application of 50% N + 100% P + VC at 1.0 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4 resulted in higher seed yield (1.63–1.65 Mg ha−1) and agronomic efficiency for N (26.3–28.8 kg kg−1), P (12.42–13.63 kg kg−1), and K (52.3–57.4 kg kg−1) over other tested practices in both years. Hence, it could be concluded that considering the integrated nutrient management paradigm including 10 kg N ha−1 coupled with 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 through synthetic fertilizers, vermicomposting 1.0 t ha−1 as an organic source and foliar spray of 0.5% each of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 (N10) produced a 56.8% higher seed yield than the control, in addition to improving nutrient dynamics and NUEs for N, P, K, Zn, and Fe. Therefore, integrated fertilization coupled with cultivar selection could help to achieve the long-term food and nutritional sustainability targeted by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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“…During the green revolution in the 1960s, more cultivated areas were brought under a cereal-based cropping system that decreased the areas under pulses from 13.5 to 7.5 Mha in northern India, which drastically deteriorated soil quality, subsequently associated with lower fertility and caused a severe issue of sustainable crop production (Srivastava and Mukhopadhyay, 1997). These factors individually or collectively contribute to poor crop production by surging wind and water erosion, soil salinity, desertification, soil sickness, declining soil fertility, and heavy metal contaminations (Rani et al, 2019). To sustain the production system and ecosystem services to meet the global food demand with a sloping cultivated land, appropriate measures must be taken to stop further degradation and restore the already degraded soils.…”

Section: Climate Change Mitigation Potential Of Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse-based cropping systems for soil health restoration, resources conservation, and nutritional and environmental security in rainfed agroecosystems

Kumar

Gopinath²,

Sheoran³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Pulses are an important source of energy and protein, essential amino acids, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins, and play a significant role in addressing global nutritional security. The global pulse area, production, and average productivity increased from 1961 to 2020 (60 years). Pulses are usually grown under rainfed, highly unstable, and complex production environments, with substantial variability in soil and environmental factors, high year-to-year output variability, and variation in soil moisture. Since the last six decades, there is not much satisfactory improvement in the yield of pulses because of their cultivation in harsh environments, coupled with their continuous ignorance of the farmers and governments in policy planning. As a result, the global food supplies through pulses remained negligible and amounted to merely ~1.0% of the total food supply and 1.2% of the vegan food system. In this situation, protein-rich food is still a question raised at the global level to make a malnutrition-free world. Pulses are a vital component of agricultural biological diversity, essential for tackling climate change, and serve as an energy diet for vegetarians. Pulses can mitigate climate change by reducing the dependence on synthetic fertilizers that artificially introduce nitrogen (N) into the soil. The high demand and manufacture of chemical fertilizers emit greenhouse gases (GHGs), and their overuse can harm the environment. In addition, the increasing demand for the vegetal protein under most global agroecosystems has to be met with under a stressed rainfed situation. The rainfed agroecosystem is a shelter for poor people from a significant part of the globe, such as Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. Nearly, 83% [over 1,260 million hectares (ha)] of cultivated land comes under rainfed agriculture, contributing significantly to global food security by supplying over 60% of the food. In rainfed areas, the limitation of natural resources with the shrinking land, continuous nutrient mining, soil fertility depletion, declining productivity factor, constantly depleting water availability, decreasing soil carbon (C) stock, augmented weed menace, ecological instability, and reduced system productivity are creating a more challenging situation. Pulses, being crops of marginal and semi-marginal soils of arid and semi-arid climates, require less input for cultivation, such as water, nutrients, tillage, labor, and energy. Furthermore, accommodation of the area for the cultivation of pulses reduces the groundwater exploitation, C and N footprints, agrochemical application in the cropping systems, and ill effects of climate change due to their inherent capacity to withstand harsh soil to exhibit phytoremediation properties and to stand well under stressed environmental condition. This article focuses on the role of pulses in ecological services, human wellbeing, soil, environmental health, and economic security for advanced sustainability. Therefore, this study will enhance the understanding of productivity improvement in a system-based approach in a rainfed agroecosystem through the involvement of pulses. Furthermore, the present study highlighted significant research findings and policy support in the direction of exploring the real yield potential of pulses. It will provide a road map to producers, researchers, policymakers, and government planners working on pulses to promote them in rainfed agroecosystems to achieve the United Nations (UN's) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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Legumes for Sustainable Soil and Crop Management

Cited by 38 publications

References 112 publications

Abiotic Stresses: Alteration of Composition and Grain Quality in Food Legumes

Abiotic Stresses: Alteration of Composition and Grain Quality in Food Legumes

Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Lens culinaris Medik.

Pulse-based cropping systems for soil health restoration, resources conservation, and nutritional and environmental security in rainfed agroecosystems

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