The potential nutrient uptake abilities of a plant are
essential
for improving the yield and quality. Green manures can take up a huge
amount of macronutrients from the soil. The mechanisms underlying
the differences in nutrient uptake capacity among different nonlegume
species remain unclear. The plot experiments were conducted to investigate
the performance of nonlegume species including forage radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus), oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus), February orchid (Orychophragmus
violaceus L), and rapeseed (Baricca
napus), while a ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) species was used as a control. The study results showed that
forage radish had the highest nutrient uptake (N and P), i.e., 322
and 101% in Hunan and 277 and 469% in the Sichuan site, respectively,
compared with the control. While the greatest K uptake was found in
forage radish, i.e., 123%, and February orchid, 243%, in the Hunan
and Sichuan sites. Forage radish also presented higher phosphorus
use efficiency in both experimental areas: Hunan by 301% and Sichuan
by 633% compared to the control. Significant modifications were found
in nutrient availability and enzyme activities after the cultivation
of various species. The oil radish enhanced the β-glucosidase
(BG) and leucine-aminopeptidase enzyme activities by 324 and 367%,
respectively, while forage radish developed the highest phosphatase
(Phase) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities
compared to the ryegrass in Hunan. In the Sichuan site, the oil radish
promotes enzyme activities such as Phase (126%), BG (19%), and NAG
(17%), compared to the control. It is concluded that forage radish,
oil radish, and February orchid can easily improve soil nutrient quality
in green manuring practices and provide valuable nutrient management
systems.