Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity-Revised (LEIDS-R): Spanish validation proposal

Abstract

To adapt and validate the Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity-Revised for evaluating cognitive reactivity to depressive mood to Spanish and validate this Spanish version. To find the scale's factor structure and psychometric properties. The sample consisted of 600 participants (103 patients and 497 subjects from the general population). A four-factor structure was found, a general factor evaluating cognitive reactivity was proposed and ten items were eliminated. A brief version of the (LEIDS-R24) scale is proposed. The factors and the overall scale have adequate internal consistency, and the results of validation show that all the factors on the scale predict depressive symptomatology (BDI-II) adequately, and are highly correlated with the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale and BDI-II scales. The complete scale adequately discriminated depressive symptomatology in general population subjects and patients with anxiety and depressive disorders. No significant differences were found in the LEIDS-R24 measurement between subjects with anxiety and depressive disorder. The LEIDS-R24 scale may be a useful brief measure for evaluating cognitive reactivity to depressive mood and analyzing the vulnerability which could be common to persons with anxiety and depressive disorders.

Factors influencing cognitive reactivity among young adults at high risk for depression in China: a cross-sectional study

“…The results revealed moderate levels of self-reported CR among Chinese young adults. Although the same instrument was used (LEIDS), our findings were still higher than in a population of mixed clinical/healthy individuals in the Netherlands [37] and a Spanish mixed-population [38], and slightly lower than non-depressed Iranian individuals [39] and recurrently depressed patients in remission in the Netherlands [5]. These disparities could be attributable to sociocultural aspects differences and the utilization of or access to mental health services differences for Asian and western countries, which needed to be further explored [19].…”

Sex difference in the weighting of expected uncertainty under chronic stress

“…On the other hand, to date the literature on the psychopathological explanation of the sex difference in depression and anxiety shows that females ruminate (i.e., overthink about one’s negative emotional experience) more frequently 41 , 42 and worry to a greater degree 43 than males. Both rumination 44 , 45 and worry 46 are associated with more enhanced risk-aversive behaviors. Thus, the sex difference in probability weighting (or risk aversion) under high stress we observed might be due to sex difference in rumination and worry.…”

Factors influencing cognitive reactivity among young adults at high risk for depression in China: a cross-sectional study

“…The results revealed moderate levels of self-reported CR among Chinese young adults. Although the same instrument was used (LEIDS), our findings were still higher than in a population of mixed clinical/healthy individuals in the Netherlands [36] and a Spanish mixed-population [37], and slightly lower than non-depressed Iranian individuals [38] and recurrently depressed patients in remission in the Netherlands [5]. These disparities could be attributable to the differences in development of mental health services for Asian and western countries, which needed to be further explored [18].…”