Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata with low-grade malignant change: A case report

Abstract

Background: Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare disease characterized by multiple leiomyomas spread all over the peritoneal cavity. It is commonly described as benign in women of reproductive age. Malignant LPD is much rarer.Methods: We present a case of LPD with low potential malignant change in a 43-year-old female, who felt a lump in her abdomen after laparoscopic myomectomy 10 years ago and laparoscopic hysterectomy 8 years ago. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and salpingectomy, greater omentectomy, and pelvic and abdominal mass resection were performed during the surgery. The pathological findings revealed LPD with low potential malignant change, with strong expression of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. The patient refused oophorectomy and chose gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists injection postoperatively.Results: No recurrence was found during the follow-up to date.Conclusion: Surgery is the main treatment for LPD, and endocrine therapy is another choice. Although it is reported mostly benign, we need to be alert to the possibility of malignancy.

A Rare Case of Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis: A Case Report

“…The most widely accepted theory is peritoneal seeding of monoclonal smooth cells following laparoscopic morcellation. 3,5,6 With respect to the clinical presentation, patients with DPL can exhibit a wide range of symptoms. The most common symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and pelvic pressure.…”