Leiomyosarcoma of the larynx as a local relapse of squamous cell carcinoma—Report of an unusual case

Abstract

Leiomyosarcoma after SCC is very uncommon. A connection between both seems likely in this case. Transdifferentiation, also seen in other tumors or carcinosarcomas, could be based on aberrant differentiation of a pluripotent stem cell.

Laryngeal leiomyosarcoma with coexistent tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy

“…[3] Radiation induced sarcomas or sarcomatoid dedifferentiation of squamous cell carcinomas after irradiation has been proposed; however radiotherapy has not been found to be present in the history of most patients with LLMS. [4] An interesting case of LLMS that occurred after primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma reported by Völker et al [4] had also not received radiotherapy after surgical treatment of his primary disease. Kara et al [5] reported two cases of LLMS with rare association of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][11][12][13][14][15] In general, partial laryngectomy is recommended for patients with early stage tumors and postoperative radiotherapy might have a role in allowing a more limited surgical resection or it might be a complementary therapy to improve loco-regional control. [4][5][6][7][8][11][12][13][14][15] Neck dissection is indicated for clinically positive cervical nodal disease. [14] Elective neck dissection is not indicated unless there are clinically positive nodes.…”

A rare association of leiomyosarcoma with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: two cases

“…It has been demonstrated that the same p53 mutations are present in both parts of these biphasic tumours 12 , 13 . Völker et al investigated the losses and gains on some chromosomes in a metachronous tumour of the larynx, and suggested that these changes might be related to transdifferentiation of the tumour from squamous cell carcinoma to leiomyosarcoma 14 …”

Epstein–Barrvirus‐associated leiomyosarcoma of the larynx in an adult patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: Case report and review of the literature

“…It was first reported by Jackson and Jackson in 1939 2 . To the best of our knowledge, 62 cases of LLMS have been reported in the English‐language literature 1,3–55 …”