Leishmania amazonensis em cão com quadro clínico de leishmaniose visceral no Estado do Paraná, Brasil – relato de caso

Abstract

ResumoAs leishmanioses são antropozoonoses que envolvem diversas espécies de Leishmania e hospedeiros, tendo apresentações clínicas variáveis e consideradas de grande importância para a saúde pública. Este artigo descreve um caso de leishmaniose canina causada por Leishmania amazonensis, proveniente da cidade de Cambé, Paraná -Brasil. Este estado é considerado endêmico para a leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) em humanos, porém este é o primeiro relato em cão na região, provocado pela L. amazonensis. A caracterização taxonômica da Leishmania foi realizada através da técnica multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). Os sinais clínicos foram similares aos observados na leishmaniose visceral como poliartrite e emagrecimento progressivo. Conclui-se que a poliartrite quando relacionada à leishmaniose não pode ser considerada um sinal clínico associado somente a L. chagasi, tendo em vista que a L. amazonensis também tem esta como uma das suas formas de apresentação. A LTA torna-se um diagnóstico diferencial de poliartrite em cães. Palavras-chave: Canis familiaris, leishmaniose visceral, poliartrite AbstractLeishmaniasis are antropozoonoses involving various species of Leishmania and hosts, with variable clinical presentations and considered of great importance to public health. This article describes a case of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania amazonensis, from the town of Cambé, Paraná state, Brazil. This state is considered endemic for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in humans, but this is the first report in a dog in the region, caused by L. amazonensis. The taxonomic characterization of Leishmania was performed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis technique (MLEE). Clinical signs were similar to those observed in visceral leishmaniasis as polyarthritis and progressive weight loss. It is concluded that the related polyarthritis when related to leishmaniasis, cannot be considered a clinical sign associated only with L. chagasi in view of the L. amazonensis also has this as one of its presentations. The LTA becomes a differential diagnosis of polyarthritis in dogs.

Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leishmania amazonensis antibodies in domestic dogs in the western Brazilian Amazon region

“…amazonensis has been described in Brazil, among domestic dogs in São Paulo and Paraná (LAINSON, 2010;TOLEZANO et al, 2007;HOFFMANN et al, 2012). The T. gondii occurrence rate found among the dogs sampled in the present study (61.6%) was lower than the rates of 76.5% and 69.8% that were observed, respectively, among dogs in the urban area of Monte Negro, Rondônia (CAÑÓN-FRANCO et al, 2004) and in urban and rural areas of the state of Pará (VALADAS et al, 2010), which are both in the Amazon region.…”

“…Epidemiological studies have reported the presence of dogs as a risk factor for bovine neosporosis (PARÉ et al, 1998;SAWADA et al, 1998;WOUDA et al, 1999 LAINSON, 2010). Moreover, dogs can be infected by L. amazonensis, which is one of the cutaneous leishmaniasis causal agents (TOLEZANO et al, 2007;HOFFMANN et al, 2012). In Brazil, cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease of great public health importance, with clinical features ranging from an unapparent form to cases of mucosal and cartilage injury (BRASIL, 2010;GRAMICCIA;GRADONI, 2005).…”

Presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. in domestic dogs from Toledo, Paraná, Brazil

“…These studies, which recorded lower rates of seropositivity in animals, are similar to the present investigation in their use of random sampling in non-endemic areas and cities. Hoffmann et al (2012) reported the clinical form of VL in a dog from the city of Cambé, Paraná, detecting the presence of L. amazonensis using the multilocus enzyme electrophoresis technique. The animal showed clinical signs consistent with the visceral form of the disease, such as polyarthritis and progressive weight loss.…”

Leishmaniasis in dogs from recycling centers and from a neighborhood with adjacent forest in an urban area of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

“…Zulpo et al (2012) and Caldart et al (2015) studied animals from Londrina and found 11.6% (13/112) and 1.2% (3/236) of seropositivity using IFAT method with 1:40 as a cutoff, respectively; the low prevalence of 1.2% found by the authors may be explained because this study population consisted of clinically healthy animals undergoing elective castration surgery. Pittner et al (2009) (CASTRO et al, 2007;PEREIRA, 2005, HOFFMANN et al, 2012. Several phlebotomine species are present in the same State, and the dominant vector species found infected is Nyssomyia whitmani (MEMBRIVE et al, 2004;OLIVEIRA et al, 2000) wich is involved in the transmission of L. (V.) braziliensis; however, L. (L.) amazonensis vectors have never been found in Paraná.…”