Leishmania tropica infection in hamsters and a review of the animal pathogenicity of this species

Bastien, Patrick; Killick‐Kendrick, R.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(92)90256-a

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…infections of most species, including some strains of L. tropica. 29 In our experiments, infection and pathogenesis caused by the two chosen strains, L590 from human CL and L747 from Ph. sergenti, was essentially the same.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifarious Characterization of Leishmania Tropica From a Judean Desert Focus, Exposing Intraspecific Diversity and Incriminating Phlebotomus Sergenti as Its Vector

Schnur¹,

Nasereddin²,

Eisenberger³

et al. 2004

Am J Trop Med Hyg

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The predominant sand fly species collected inside houses in Kfar Adumim, an Israeli village in the Judean Desert that is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, was Phlebotomus papatasi, which was also caught attempting to bite humans. Phlebotomus sergenti, which is rarely seen inside houses, constituted the predominant sand fly species in caves near the village. Leishmania isolates from Ph. sergenti and humans typed as Leishmania tropica. Sand fly and human isolates produced similar small nodular cutaneous lesions in hamsters. Isolates produced excreted factor (EF) of subserotypes A(9) or A(9)B(2), characteristic of L. tropica and reacted with L. tropica-specific monoclonal antibodies. Isoenzyme analysis consigned the strains to the L. tropica zymodemes MON-137 and MON-275. Molecular genetic analyses confirmed the strains were L. tropica and intraspecific microheterogeneity was observed. Genomic fingerprinting using a mini-satellite probe separated the L. tropica strains into two clusters that were not entirely congruent with geographic distribution. These results support the heterogeneous nature of L. tropica and incriminate Ph. sergenti as its vector in this Judean Desert focus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifarious Characterization of Leishmania Tropica From a Judean Desert Focus, Exposing Intraspecific Diversity and Incriminating Phlebotomus Sergenti as Its Vector

Schnur¹,

Nasereddin²,

Eisenberger³

et al. 2004

Am J Trop Med Hyg

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“…Published data using animal models for leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica is lacking, in part because investigators have had difficulties in establishing infection in vivo (7). We previously obtained reproducible results in BALB/c mice by using parasites highly enriched for infectious, metacyclic promastigotes (8).…”

Section: Il-10 and Tgf-␤ Control The Establishment Of Persistent And mentioning

confidence: 90%

IL-10 and TGF-β Control the Establishment of Persistent and Transmissible Infections Produced by Leishmania tropica in C57BL/6 Mice

Anderson

Lira

Kamhawi

et al. 2008

The Journal of Immunology

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Leishmania tropica is the causative agent of Old World anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is characterized by lesions that take an extended period of time to heal, often resulting in disfiguring scars, and are more refractory to treatment than leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major. Immunologic studies involving experimental animal models of L. tropica infection are virtually nonexistent. In the current study, infectious-stage L. tropica were used to establish dermal infections in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. In both strains, the lesions were slow to develop and showed minimal pathology. They nonetheless contained a stable number of between 104 and 105 parasites for over 1 year, which were efficiently picked up by a natural sand fly vector, Phlebotomus sergenti. Control of parasite growth depended on the development of a Th1 response, as C57BL/6 mice genetically deficient in Th1 cytokines and BALB/c mice treated with Abs to IFN-γ harbored significantly more parasites. By contrast, IL-10-deficient mice harbored significantly fewer parasites throughout the infection. To further study the immunologic mechanisms that may prevent efficient clearance of the parasites, IL-10 and TGF-β signaling were abrogated during the chronic phase of infection in wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Distinct from chronic L. major infection, IL-10 blockade alone had no effect on L. tropica, but required simultaneous treatment with anti-TGF-β Abs to promote efficient parasite clearance from the infection site. Thus, chronic infection with L. tropica appears to be established via multiple suppressive factors, which together maintain the host as a long-term reservoir of infection for vector sand flies.

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“…The inbred laboratory mouse was thought to be difficult to infect, but outbred hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) proved to be susceptible to infection when stationary phase promastigotes or amastigotes of strains isolated in Afghanistan were used (reviewed by Bastien and Killick-Kendrick, 1992). Following this, using isolates from other countries and enriching the inoculum with stationary phase metacyclic promastigotes, it was found that both BALB/c mice and hamsters were susceptible to L. tropica (Lira et al 1998).…”

Section: Reservoir Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania tropica (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) - a perplexing parasite

Jacobson

2003

FOLIA PARASIT

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Abstract. Leishmania tropica is one of the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a disfiguring parasitic disease that recently was found to be viscerotropic. In urban areas it is transmitted from infected individuals by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies to naïve persons (anthroponotic CL). In rural areas animals are thought to be the reservoir, but the full life cycle is still under investigation (zoonotic CL). For many years L. tropica was either confused or merely grouped with L. major while Phlebotomus sergenti was the only proven vector. In recent years new foci have erupted, but few have been investigated. This review describes some of the history, recent findings, epidemiology, potential vectors, and the search for possible reservoir hosts besides man.

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Leishmania tropica infection in hamsters and a review of the animal pathogenicity of this species

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Multifarious Characterization of Leishmania Tropica From a Judean Desert Focus, Exposing Intraspecific Diversity and Incriminating Phlebotomus Sergenti as Its Vector

Multifarious Characterization of Leishmania Tropica From a Judean Desert Focus, Exposing Intraspecific Diversity and Incriminating Phlebotomus Sergenti as Its Vector

IL-10 and TGF-β Control the Establishment of Persistent and Transmissible Infections Produced by Leishmania tropica in C57BL/6 Mice

Leishmania tropica (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) - a perplexing parasite

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