Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) essential oil and citronellal modulate anxiety-related symptoms – In vitro and in vivo studies

Stojanović, Nikola; Mladenović, Marko Z.; Maslovarić, Aleksandra; Stojiljković, Nenad; Randjelović, Pavle J.; Radulović, Niko S.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114788

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The active component is citronellal and salvianolic acid which is an anti-oxidant and anti-microbial ( Stojanović et al, 2022 ). It inhibits the MAPK pathway and hence shows a neuroprotective function.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is commonly a neurodevelopmental behavioural disorder in children and adolescents. Mainly characterized by symptoms like lack of attention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness, it can impact the overall mental development of the one affected. Several factors, both genetic and non-genetic, can be responsible for this disorder. Although several traditional treatment methods involve medication and other counselling techniques, they also come with different side effects. Hence, the choice is now shifting to alternative treatment techniques. Herbal treatments are considered one of the most popular complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) administered. However, issues related to the safety and efficacy of herbal remedies for the treatment of ADHD need to be investigated further. This study aims to find out the recent advancement in evidence-based use of herbal remedies for ADHD by a comprehensive and systematic review that depicts the results of the published works on herbal therapy for the disorder. The electronic databases and the references retrieved from the included studies present related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label studies. Seven RCTs involving children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD met the inclusion criteria. There is a fair indication of the efficacy and safety of Melissa officinalis L., Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst., Matricaria chamomilla L., and Valeriana officinalis L. from the studies evaluated in this systematic review for the treatment of various symptoms of ADHD. Limited evidence was found for Ginkgo biloba L. and pine bark extract. However, various other preparations from other plants did not show significant efficacy. There is inadequate proof to strongly support and recommend the administration of herbal medicines for ADHD, but more research is needed in the relevant field to popularize the alternative treatment approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…The chemical composition of the tested sample of M. officinalis essential oil was qualitatively and quantitatively comparable to the one used in our previous analyses and evaluated in several animal models. 22,31 The model of PTZ-induced convulsions is believed to be adequate for studying convulsions that are similar to those observed in humans with generalized myoclonic and/or absence seizures. 34 Convulsions induced by PTZ were found to occur statistically significantly later in animals treated with M. officinalis essential oil (12.5 mg/kg) when compared to the vehicle-treated mice (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) Essential Oil Moderately Affects Strychnine-Induced and Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Convulsions —In Silico and In Vivo Studies

Stojanović

Rajković

Raičević

et al. 2022

Natural Product Communications

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Epileptic seizures are a consequence of uncontrolled neuronal discharge and demand urgent and prolonged treatment. Due to a lack of potent and low-risk drugs that could prevent seizures, efforts are underway to discover new drugs, and plant metabolites are often considered valuable candidates in this search. Lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis L., Lamiaceae) is a world-renowned medicinal plant affecting central nervous system function. In this study, we aimed to examine whether the results from in silico modeling of the interactions of major lemon balm essential oil constituents with GABAA and glycine receptors correspond to in vivo results of the convulsions in mice induced by the application of either pentylenetetrazol (GABAA antagonistic) or strychnine (glycine receptor antagonist). While molecular docking experiments of essential oil constituents to the two receptors demonstrated the possibility of ligand–receptor interactions, no binding poses were scored highly, and as the in vivo effect of the essential oil on convulsions seems to be only moderate, the results of the in silico study seem not to contradict results obtained by in vivo models. Thus, we can say that molecular docking might be a useful tool in initial screening for active constituents of natural product mixtures and the potential prediction of their activity in models in vivo.

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“…Anxiety is considered a major psychiatric disorder with an enhanced socioeconomic burden on society where the number of patients in search of treatments is persistently rising, and thus anxiety-related disorders are escalating [ 48 ]. Moreover, epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that is characterized by persistent impulsive seizures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Anti-Epileptogenic Potential of Lactuca Serriola Seed Using Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Kindling in Mice and Metabolic Profiling of Its Bioactive Extract

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to assess the potential of Lactuca serriola (Asteraceae) seed n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and aqueous extracts as anticonvulsant, sedative, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic agents in Swiss albino mice. Different doses of each extract were evaluated for the anxiolytic potential using the hole-board, the elevated plus maze and the light/dark test. A phenobarbitone-induced sleep test was employed for the evaluation of sedative potential. Acute anticonvulsant activity was evaluated by picrotoxin and strychnine-induced convulsion models. All extracts significantly reduced the number of head dips where n-hexane extract (400 mg/kg) showed 96.34% reduction in the tendency of head dipping when compared with the control. Mice treated with extracts preferred elevated plus maze open arms and were shown to lack open arms evasion, especially n-hexane extract (400 mg/kg)—which showed 456.14%—increased the duration of open arm stay with the respective control group. By reducing sleep latency and greatly lengthening sleep duration, L. serriola enhanced the effects of barbiturate-induced sleep. A significant increase in convulsion latency and decrease in convulsions induced by picrotoxin and strychnine duration was observed in all extract-treated groups. All the extracts exhibited anti-epileptogenic potential as the seizure score in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling in mice was reduced significantly. Maximum protection was afforded by chloroform extract that reduced the seizure score by 79.93% compared with the PTZ group. Chloroform executed antioxidant effect by elevating super oxide dismutase (SOD) by 126%, catalase (CAT) by 83.53%, total glutathione (tGSH) by 149%, and reducing malondialdhyde (MDA) levels by 36.49% in the brain tissues that is further consolidated by histopathological examination. Metabolic profiling of the most active chloroform extract using Gas chromatography coupled with mass showed the presence of 16 compounds. This anti-epileptic activity was further confirmed via in silico molecular modelling studies in the active site Gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) where all of the tested metabolites illustrated a potent inhibitory potential towards GABA-AT with hexadecanoic acid, 15-methyl-, methyl ester followed by octadecanoic acid, methyl ester showed the best fitting. The results indicated the possible anxiolytic and anti-epileptogenic potential of the plant and further consolidated the ethnopharmacological use of L. serriola seeds.

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Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) essential oil and citronellal modulate anxiety-related symptoms – In vitro and in vivo studies

Cited by 22 publications

References 54 publications

Phytotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Phytotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) Essential Oil Moderately Affects Strychnine-Induced and Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Convulsions —In Silico and In Vivo Studies

Evaluation of the Anxiolytic and Anti-Epileptogenic Potential of Lactuca Serriola Seed Using Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Kindling in Mice and Metabolic Profiling of Its Bioactive Extract

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