Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) growth rate, essential oil yield and composition as influenced by different soil conditioners under two watering regimes

Mwithiga, Gikuru; Maina, Samuel; Muturi, Phyllis; Gitari, Josiah

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25540

Heliyon

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25540

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Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) growth rate, essential oil yield and composition as influenced by different soil conditioners under two watering regimes

Gikuru Mwithiga,

Samuel Maina,

Phyllis Muturi

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Influence of Essential Oil Composition on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Three Cultivars of Cymbopogon Flexuosus: In Vitro and In Silico Study

Raghuvanshi,

Gupta,

Joshi

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The present study investigates and compares the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of lemongrass essential oils (LEOs) extracted from fresh leaves of three cultivars of C. flexuosus: Krishna (CF‐KA), Cauvery (CF‐CA), and Nima (CF‐NI), grown in Chhattisgarh plains. Analysis through gas chromatography techniques revealed that citral content was highest in CF‐NI (79.82±1.00 %), followed by CF‐KA (69.75±2.70 %) and CF‐CA (54.75±1.22 %). In vitro antioxidant experiments demonstrated that CF‐CA had better scavenging capacity in DPPH (SC50=164.55±9.35 μg/mL) and ABTS (SC50=4.76±0.57 GEAC/g) free radical scavenging assays. The in vitro antibacterial experiments against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC3160) and Escherichia coli (MTCC1687) demonstrated CF‐NI's enhanced antibacterial efficacy with significant inhibition zones and low MIC values. In silico molecular docking results revealed that LEO compounds like caryophyllene oxide, humulene epoxide, β‐caryophyllene etc. have better binding affinities towards targeted protein molecules responsible for bacterial cell mechanisms and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to their native ligands. Variations in biological activities among cultivars were potentially linked to the proportion of phytoconstituents in their chemical composition.

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Influence of Essential Oil Composition on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Three Cultivars of Cymbopogon Flexuosus: In Vitro and In Silico Study

Raghuvanshi,

Gupta,

Joshi

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Chemical composition and citral content of essential oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) leaf waste prepared with various production methods

Khasanah,

Ariviani,

Purwanto

et al. 2024

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

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Characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) using microwave-assisted hydro distillation

Adhikary,

Barman,

Banerjee

et al. 2024

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil (LGEO) contains α-citral, β-citral and other phytochemicals extracted using various methods. This research extracted essential oils using steam distillation (SD) and microwave-assisted hydro distillation (MAHD) to maximize quantity and purity. LGEO was tested for antibacterial properties. LGEO was extracted using SD and compared to MAHD output based on oil production and chemical composition. We performed GCMS to characterize LGEO. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) used for quantum chemical analysis. Spectroscopic analysis showed that SD extracted secondary metabolites (ethyl-linalool, isogeranial, β-citral, α-citral, geranyl acetate, and caryophyllene) yielded 9.7 %, 11.5 %, 35.4 %, 13.4 %, 6.4 %, and 6.4 %, respectively, while MAHD yielded 10.2 %, 13.4 %, 43.2 %, 17.3 %, 6.9 %, and 7.3 %. MAHD extracted α and β citral content was better than SD extraction technique. FTIR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry analysis showed extracted oil chemical composition, electronic structure of α and β citral isomers. In the disc-diffusion experiment, both extracts were effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and harmful fungi. LGEO from SD and MAHD extraction (30 mg/mL) demonstrated disc diffusion assay antibacterial efficacy against microorganisms. The two extracts effectively inhibited microorganisms with MIC values of 3.75 and 7.5 μg/mL. It can be concluded that, LGEO have greater antimicrobial activity in MAHD extraction.

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Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) growth rate, essential oil yield and composition as influenced by different soil conditioners under two watering regimes

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Influence of Essential Oil Composition on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Three Cultivars of Cymbopogon Flexuosus: In Vitro and In Silico Study

Influence of Essential Oil Composition on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Three Cultivars of Cymbopogon Flexuosus: In Vitro and In Silico Study

Chemical composition and citral content of essential oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) leaf waste prepared with various production methods

Characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) using microwave-assisted hydro distillation

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