Length of Day and Temperature Effects in Rudbeckia

Murneek, A. E.

doi:10.1086/334957

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Leaves produced after floral development are often initiated in a floral phyllotaxy (Biddulph, 1935;Greulach, 1942;Battley andLyndon 1984, 1986). Flowers consisting of vegetative leaves have occurred (Murneek, 1940;Kasperbauer, Gardner, and Loomis, 1962;Lyndon, 1979), as well as hybrid vegetative-floral organs (Greulach, 1942;Battey and Lyndon, 1986). Unusual inflorescences have also been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reversion is a result of changes in inductive and noninductive stimuli that generate an initial, but insufficient, floral signal to maintain morphological floral development (Pouteau et al, 1997). Stimuli capable of evoking a reversion event include manipulations in photoperiod (Biddulph, 1935;Murneek, 1940;Greulach, 1942;Jacobs and Raghavan, 1962;Kasperbauer, Gardner, and Loomis, 1962;Bag-1 nard, 1980; Battey and Lyndon, 1986), temperature (Stokes and Verkerk, 1951;King and Evans, 1969), and chemical treatments (Lord and Eckard, 1987;Marc and Hackett, 1991;Donnison and Francis, 1994). Soybean is a preferential SD plant and its growth and development are sensitive to photoperiod length (Borthwick and Parker, 1938a;Johnson, Borthwick, and Leffel, 1960;Thomas and Raper, 1983;Cregan and Hartwig, 1984;Hadley et al, 1984;Board and Settimi, 1988;Kenworthy, Brown, and Thibou, 1989;Wilkerson et al, 1989).…”

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Reversion of flowering in Glycine Max (Fabaceae)

Washburn

Thomas

2000

American J of Botany

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Photoperiodic changes, if occurring before a commitment to flowering is established, can alter the morphological pattern of plant development. In this study, Glycine max (L.) Merrill cv. Ransom plants were initially grown under an inductive short-day (SD) photoperiod to promote flower evocation and then transferred to a long-day (LD) photoperiod to delay flower development by reestablishing vegetative growth (SD-LD plants). Some plants were transferred back to SD after 4-LD exposures to repromote flowering (SD-LD-SD plants). Alterations in organ initiation patterns, from floral to vegetative and back to floral, are characteristic of a reversion phenomenon. Morphological features that occurred at the shoot apical meristem in SD, LD, SD-LD, and SD-LD-SD plants were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Reverted plants initiated floral bracts and resumed initiation of trifoliolate leaves in the two-fifths floral phyllotaxy prior to terminal inflorescence development. When these plants matured, leaf-bract intermediates were positioned on the main stem instead of trifoliolate leaves. Plants transferred back to a SD photoperiod flowered earlier than those left in LD conditions. Results indicated that in plants transferred between SDs and LDs, photoperiod can influence organ initiation in florally evoked, but not committed, G. max plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Reversion of flowering in Glycine Max (Fabaceae)

Washburn

Thomas

2000

American J of Botany

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“…variety Shuokan (cuttings were kindly supplied by Dr. H. M. Cathey, U.S.D.A., Beltsville, Maryland); and a short-day plant, Chrysanthemum mlorifoliumiii variety Shasta. Rudbeckia appeared to be a favorable material because of its clear-cut response to photoperiodic treatments and also because its photoperiodic behavior has been studied in detail (5, 7, 13,16). The Shuokan chrysanthemum is a Japanese variety (large pompon type, yellow) which bolts and flowers rapidly after a low-temperature treatment (23,24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long-day treatments were started on Dec. 16,1957 (21) was used in the present study to detect both auxins and gibberellins. The chromatograms were cut transversally into twenty 1-cm pieces, each of which was placed in a small tube with 10 lst-internode sections and 1 ml of the testing solution (citrate-phosphate buffer pH 5.0, about 10-2 M; Tween 80, 0.1 %; sucrose, 2 g/100 ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Endogenous Growth Substances during Flower Development.

Harada

Nitsch

1959

Plant Physiol.

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“…However, despite their close association, the two processes of stern elongation and floral initiation can be separated in many plants by appropriate treatments. (MURNEEK 1940). Flowering without elongation was induced (in LD) by AMO-1618 in Silene (CLELAND andZEEVAART 1970), by chlormequat in radish, Raphanus sativus L. cv.…”

Section: Rosette Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiod and Hormones

Vince‐Prue¹

1985

Hormonal Regulation of Development III

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Photoperiod has been shown to affect the tissue levels of hormones in all of the major categories. More difficult to assess is the precise role of these variations in controHing the many responses of plants to daylength. The great range of photoperiodic behavior (see VINCE-PRUE 1975) precludes discussion of the hormonal regulation of all daylength-controlled phenomena and this review, therefore, concentrates on selected responses in three major areas: a) vegetative growth (stern elongation), b) dormancy phenomena (the formation of storage organs and resting buds), e) reproductive behavior (the formation of floral primordia). The Role of LeavesThe first experimental evidence for the idea that hormones are formed in particular daylength cycles was the discovery that photoperiodic perception can take place in the leayes, whereas the target sites are usually situated elsewhere and often at some distance. KNOTT (1934) was the first to demonstrate that a stimulus from leayes exposed to LD caused initiation of floral primordia at the terminal growing point (of Spinacia oleracea L. cvs. Old Dominion and Virginia Savoy). HAMNER and BONNER (1938) subsequently showed that SD treatment of a single leaf of Xanthium strumarium L. would cause the development of flower buds even when all the other leayes remained in LD. Vegetative responses such as bulbing, tuberization, dormancy, and cold acclimation have also been shown to depend on the daylength experleneed by the leayes (HAMNER and LONG 1939, ESASHI 1960, HEATH and HOLDSWORTH 1948, HURST et al. 1967, WAXMAN 1957, NITSCH 1959). These, and other experiments involving exposure of selected plant parts or treatment of detached leayes prior to grafting [e.g., in Perilia crispa (THUNB.) TANAKA (ZEEVAART 1958)], have established that, in general, the daylength signal is perceived by the leayes and it is immaterlal whether or not the site of response is subjected to the controHing photoperiod. Consequently, control by daylength must involve the generation in the leayes of one or more transmissible stimuli which are transported to the target sites where particular responses are evoked. The stimulus generated by daylength thus exhibits the classical properties of a hormone. R. P. Pharis et al. (eds.), Hormonal Regulation of Development III © Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg 1985 1.2 The Role of Leaves 309Results from a variety of experiments have shown that the floral stimulus is exported from the leayes through living tissue and probably mainly through the phloem. These include girdling, localized heating or cooling, and narcotic treatment of the petiole (LANG 1965). Grafting experiments indieate that a functional phloem connection is usually necessary for (or at least facilitates) transport of the floral stimulus, which does not move without some tissue connection (WITHROW and WITHROW 1943, ZEEVAART 1958, WELLENSIEK 1970, ZEEVAART 1979. Movement only in living tissue was also reported for the tuber-forming stimulus in Helianthus tuberosus L. (HAMNER and LONG 1939) and potato [Sola...

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Length of Day and Temperature Effects in Rudbeckia

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

Reversion of flowering in Glycine Max (Fabaceae)

Reversion of flowering in Glycine Max (Fabaceae)

Changes in Endogenous Growth Substances during Flower Development.

Photoperiod and Hormones

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