Lentibulariaceae

Fischer, Eberhard; Barthlott, Wilhelm; Seine, R.; Theisen, Inge

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18617-2_12

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…320 spp.) consists of three monophyletic genera, Genlisea, Pinguicula, and Utricularia, each with a distinct mechanism of carnivory (Lloyd, 1942;Juniper et al, 1989;Barthlott et al, 2004;Fischer et al, 2004). Phylogenetic relationships within Lentibulariaceae have largely been resolved to the species level (Jobson and Albert, 2002;Jobson et al, 2003;Müller and Borsch, 2005;Müller et al, 2004;Cieslack et al, 2005;Müller et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallest Angiosperm Genomes Found in Lentibulariaceae, with Chromosomes of Bacterial Size

et al. 2006

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Nuclear holoploid genome sizes (C-values) have been estimated to vary about 800-fold in angiosperms, with the smallest established 1C-value of 157 Mbp recorded in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the highly specialized carnivorous family Lentibulariaceae now three taxa have been found that exhibit significantly lower values: Genlisea margaretae with 63 Mbp, G. aurea with 64 Mbp, and Utricularia gibba with 88 Mbp. The smallest mitotic anaphase chromatids in G. aurea have 2.1 Mbp and are thus of bacterial size (NB: E. coli has ca. 4 Mbp). Several Utricularia species range somewhat lower than A. thaliana or are similar in genome size. The highest 1C-value known from species of Lentibulariaceae was found in Genlisea hispidula with 1510 Mbp, and results in about 24-fold variation for Genlisea and the Lentibulariaceae. Taking into account these new measurements, genome size variation in angiosperms is now almost 2000-fold. Genlisea and Utricularia are plants with terminal positions in the phylogeny of the eudicots, so that the findings are relevant for the understanding of genome miniaturization. Moreover, the Genlisea-Utricularia clade exhibits one of the highest mutational rates in several genomic regions in angiosperms, what may be linked to specialized patterns of genome evolution. Ultrasmall genomes have not been found in Pinguicula, which is the sister group of the Genlisea-Utricularia clade, and which does not show accelerated mutational rates. C-values in Pinguicula varied only 1.7-fold from 487 to 829 Mbp.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallest Angiosperm Genomes Found in Lentibulariaceae, with Chromosomes of Bacterial Size

et al. 2006

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“…The Lentibulariaceae (bladderwort family) comprise approximate 325 species according to most recent diversity estimates (e.g., Barthlott et al, 2004;Fischer et al, 2004), with about 85 species currently distinguished in Pinguicula, 21 species of Genlisea, and an estimated 220 species in the largest carnivorous plant genus, Utricularia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Understanding the Evolution of Carnivorous Lentibulariaceae (Lamiales)

et al. 2006

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Carnivorous plants have emerged as model systems for addressing many ecological and evolutionary questions, and since Lentibulariaceae comprise more than half of all known carnivorous species (325 spp.), they are of particular interest. Studies using various molecular markers have established that Lentibulariaceae and their three genera are monophyletic with Pinguicula being sister to a Genlisea-Utricularia-clade, while the closest relatives of the family remain uncertain. Character states of the carnivorous syndrome in related proto-carnivorous lamialean families apparently emerged independently. In Utricularia, the terrestrial habit has been reconstructed as plesiomorphic, and an extension of subgenus Polypompholyx is warranted. In the protozoan-attracting Genlisea, subgenus Tayloria is revealed as basal lineage. In Pinguicula, the six major lineages found reflect radiations in clearly defined geographic regions, whereas most previously recognized subgeneric taxa are non-monophyletic. Genlisea and Utricularia exhibit substitutional rates that rank among the highest in angiosperms for the molecular markers analyzed. One possible explanation for this lies in selective constraints on a wide range of genomic regions that may have been lowered due to the use of an alternative mode of acquiring nutrients.

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“…have adhesive traps, and Utricularia spp. have suction traps [11]. Because species that form eel traps are the least understood, we undertook the present study to examine the microbial community of G. hispidula.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Leaves, Rhizophylls, and Vesicles of the Carnivorous Plant Genlisea hispidula (Lentibulariaceae)

Raudabaugh,

Aime

2024

Diversity

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Carnivorous plants capture, digest, and absorb prey via specialized structures such as bladders, pitchers, and other modified leaf traps. Studies have shown that not all carnivorous plants produce digestive enzymes; instead, some species rely on microbes living within their traps to produce the necessary enzymes required for prey digestion. Therefore, this study investigated the microbial community (bacteria and fungi) associated with Genlisea hispidula, a rare carnivorous species. Photosynthetic leaves, rhizophylls, and vesicles were processed after either being cleaned and rinsed in sterile water or after being surface sterilized. Tissues were ground in sterile water, serially diluted, lawn plated onto potato dextrose agar, and incubated in darkness for 24 h at 18–23 °C. Axenic cultures were obtained. Identity was determined via molecular sequence similarity of the full bacterial 16S rDNA gene or fungal ITS barcode regions. In total, 48 bacterial species and 29 fungal species were isolated, with Acidocella facilis and Burkholderia spp. being the most dominant isolated bacteria, and Trichomonascus vanleenenianus and Saitozyma spp. being the most dominant isolated fungi. Microbial diversity was greatest on photosynthetic leaves, while the vesicles had the lowest microbial diversity. This study is important because microbial communities play vital roles in maintaining host health and may be required when considering conservation.

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Lentibulariaceae

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Smallest Angiosperm Genomes Found in Lentibulariaceae, with Chromosomes of Bacterial Size

Smallest Angiosperm Genomes Found in Lentibulariaceae, with Chromosomes of Bacterial Size

Recent Progress in Understanding the Evolution of Carnivorous Lentibulariaceae (Lamiales)

A Survey of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Leaves, Rhizophylls, and Vesicles of the Carnivorous Plant Genlisea hispidula (Lentibulariaceae)

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