Lentivirus Infection in an African Lion: A Clinical, Pathologic and Virologic Study

Poli, Alessandro; Abramo, Francesca; Cavicchio, Paolo; Bandecchi, Patrizia; Ghelardi, Emilia; Pistello, Mauro

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-31.1.70

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…13,16 However, FIV-Ple has not been confirmed as a cause of malignant lymphoma in lions, and only a single case of small cell lymphoma in a lion with concurrent lentivirus infection has been reported. 12 In the lions reported here, all were negative for FIV by IHC. One animal was serologically positive for FeLV, but all lions were negative for FeLV by IHC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Malignant lymphomas have also been diagnosed with some frequency in captive exotic felids, especially lions. 2,7,12 The majority of the lions in this study were adult, male lions that were older than 14 years. All lions in this study were captive born and not thought to be related, although exact genetics could not be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although lymphomas in domestic felids have been associated with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), 1 there is only 1 documented case of lymphoma in a captive African lion that was concurrently diagnosed with feline lentivirus. 12 The purpose of this retrospective study was to morphologically classify lymphoma subtypes observed in African lions using the current veterinary and human classification system of the WHO. Furthermore we wanted to determine any common clinical or morphologic features observed among affected lions and compare the findings with the general, published knowledge relating to lymphoma cases in domestic cats and other exotic felids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Malignant Lymphoma in African Lions (Panthera Leo)

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malignant Lymphoma in African Lions (Panthera Leo)

et al. 2010

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“…Unlike domestic cat feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), which can cause severe immunosuppression and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-like symptoms in felids, lentiviruses of wild felids have not historically been associated with significant pathogenicity (VandeWoude and Apetrei, 2006). However, several captive African lions (Panthera leo) have manifested clinical signs or hematologic abnormalities associated with lentiviral infection (Poli et al, 1995;Spencer et al, 1995;Bull et al, 2003). Although few studies have investigated the clinical consequences of lentiviral infection in wild felids, a recent study has demonstrated that infection in wild African lions (P. leo) and pumas causes CD4+ lymphocyte depression (Miller et al, 2006;Roelke et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in assays used for detection of lentiviral infection in bobcats (Lynx rufus), pumas (Puma concolor), and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis)

Franklin

Troyer

TerWee

et al. 2007

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Although lentiviruses similar to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are known to infect numerous felid species, the relative utility of assays used for detecting lentiviral infection has not been compared for many of these hosts. We tested bobcats (Lynx rufus), pumas (Felis concolor), and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) for exposure to lentivirus using five different assays: puma lentivirus (PLV), African lion lentivirus (LLV), and domestic cat FIV-based immunoblots, a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Puma lentivirus immunoblots identified more seropositive individuals than the other antibody-detection assays. The commercial ELISA provided a fair ability to recognize seropositive samples when compared with PLV immunoblot for screening bobcats and ocelots, but not pumas. Polymerase chain reaction identified fewer positive samples than PLV immunoblot for all three species. Immunoblot results were equivalent whether the sample tested was serum, plasma, or whole blood. The results from this study and previous investigations suggest that the PLV immunoblot has the greatest ability to detect reactive samples when screening wild felids of North America and is unlikely to produce false positive results. However, the commercial ELISA kit may provide an adequate alternative for screening of some species and is more easily adapted to field conditions.

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“…Three out of four of the sampled lion populations had greater than 95% positivity for FIV [72]-such high prevalences along with signs of immune suppression in some non-captive African lions suggest that viral-associated lymphoma might be a problem for wild cat populations as well. A captive lion showing wasting, periodontitis and lymphadenopathy (similar to the wild lion findings of Roelke et al [72]) was found at autopsy to have lymphoma and was FIV positive [73]. However, a retrospective study in US zoos of captive-born African lions with lymphoma found no FIV in tumour samples; nor were any of the lions serologically positive for FIV, according to zoo records [74].…”

Section: Infectious Cancers In Vertebrates (A) Historical Trendmentioning

confidence: 85%

Infection and cancer in multicellular organisms

Ewald

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Evolutionary considerations suggest that oncogenic infections should be pervasive among animal species. Infection-associated cancers are well documented in humans and domestic animals, less commonly reported in undomesticated captive animals, and rarely documented in nature. In this paper, we review the literature associating infectious agents with cancer to evaluate the reasons for this pattern. Non-malignant infectious neoplasms occur pervasively in multicellular life, but oncogenic progression to malignancy is often uncertain. Evidence from humans and domestic animals shows that non-malignant infectious neoplasms can develop into cancer, although generally with low frequency. Malignant neoplasms could be difficult to find in nature because of a low frequency of oncogenic transformation, short survival after malignancy and reduced survival prior to malignancy. Moreover, the evaluation of malignancy can be ambiguous in nature, because criteria for malignancy may be difficult to apply consistently across species. The information available in the literature therefore does not allow for a definitive assessment of the pervasiveness of infectious cancers in nature, but the presence of infectious neoplasias and knowledge about the progression of benign neoplasias to cancer is consistent with a widespread but largely undetected occurrence.

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Lentivirus Infection in an African Lion: A Clinical, Pathologic and Virologic Study

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Malignant Lymphoma in African Lions (Panthera Leo)

Malignant Lymphoma in African Lions (Panthera Leo)

Variability in assays used for detection of lentiviral infection in bobcats (Lynx rufus), pumas (Puma concolor), and ocelots (Leopardus pardalis)

Infection and cancer in multicellular organisms

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