Lepidoptera of Canada

Pohl, Gregory R.; Landry, Jean-François; Schmidt, B. Chris; deWaard, Jeremy R

doi:10.3897/zookeys.819.27259

Cited by 18 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…It is possible that this species is Holarctic and was simply not discovered in North America prior to the mid-1950s. However, Pohl et al [ 46 ] record this species from British Columbia and Nova Scotia, with the majority of specimens collected near Victoria on Vancouver Island. Both southwestern British Columbia and Nova Scotia are areas where introduced taxa are frequently encountered, and there appear to be no records prior to Obraztsov’s [ 45 ] report.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant Tortricidae: Holarctic versus Introduced Species in North America

Gilligan¹,

Brown

Baixeras

2020

Insects

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In support of a comprehensive update to the checklist of the moths of North America, we attempt to determine the status of 151 species of Tortricidae present in North America that may be Holarctic, introduced, or sibling species of their European counterparts. Discovering the natural distributions of these taxa is often difficult, if not impossible, but several criteria can be applied to determine if a species that is present in both Europe and North America is natively Holarctic, introduced, or represented by different but closely related species on each continent. We use DNA barcodes (when available), morphology, host plants, and historical records (literature and museum specimens) to make these assessments and propose several taxonomic changes, as well as future areas of research. The following taxa are raised from synonymy to species status: Acleris ferrumixtana (Benander, 1934), stat. rev.; Acleris viburnana (Clemens, 1860), stat. rev.; Acleris pulverosana (Walker, 1863), stat. rev.; Acleris placidana (Robinson, 1869), stat. rev.; Lobesia spiraeae (McDunnough, 1938), stat. rev.; and Epiblema arctica Miller, 1985, stat. rev. Cydia saltitans (Westwood, 1858), stat. rev., is determined to be the valid name for the “jumping bean moth,” and Phiaris glaciana (Möschler, 1860), comb. n., is placed in a new genus. We determine that the number of Holarctic species has been overestimated by at least 20% in the past, and that the overall number of introduced species in North America is unexpectedly high, with Tortricidae accounting for approximately 23–30% of the total number of Lepidoptera species introduced to North America.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant Tortricidae: Holarctic versus Introduced Species in North America

Gilligan¹,

Brown

Baixeras

2020

Insects

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“…931821.1 Sympististenuistriga – Sympistisbadistrigavar.tenuistriga (McDunnough, 1940) was first treated as a valid species in Pohl et al (2018) based on genital and barcode differences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additions and corrections to the check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico IV

Schmidt¹,

Lafontaine²,

Troubridge³

2018

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A summary of all taxonomic and nomenclatural changes to the check list of the Noctuoidea of North America north of Mexico since the last update published in 2015 is provided. A total of 64 changes are listed and discussed, consisting of 26 recently published changes and additions, and an additional 38 presented herein. One stat. n., one stat. rev., six syn. n., and two comb. n. are proposed for the first time. Orthimella Schmidt & Lafontaine nom. n. is proposed here as an objective replacement name for Himella Grote, 1874 [Noctuinae: Orthosiini], a junior homonym of Himella Dallas, 1852 [Hemiptera: Coreidae].

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“…The large majority of the Canadian fauna is restricted to the Nearctic; however, there is also a significant proportion that has a naturally Holarctic distribution. While the Holarctic component cannot be readily calculated for the entire fauna, it is relatively well known for some large groups: Lepidoptera -4.8% (Pohl et al 2019), Coleoptera -5.1% (Bousquet et al 2013), Hemiptera -4.3% (E Maw pers. comm.…”

Section: Holarctic Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Revised downward from 4692 species reported by Munroe (1979) as his estimates included enumeration errors (see Pohl et al (2019) for details). 22 Acari and Entognatha were excluded from the calculation of percent of terrestrial arthropods that is non-native.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The diversity of terrestrial arthropods in Canada

Langor

2019

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Based on data presented in 29 papers published in theBiota of CanadaSpecial Issue of ZooKeys and data provided herein about Zygentoma, more than 44,100 described species of terrestrial arthropods (Arachnida, Myriapoda, Insecta, Entognatha) are now known from Canada. This represents more than a 34% increase in the number of described species reported 40 years ago (Danks 1979a). The most speciose groups are Diptera (9620 spp.), Hymenoptera (8757), and Coleoptera (8302). Less than 5% of the fauna has a natural Holarctic distribution and an additional 5.1% are non-native species. A conservatively estimated 27,000–42,600 additional species are expected to be eventually discovered in Canada, meaning that the total national species richness is ca. 71,100–86,700 and that currently 51–62% of the fauna is known. Of the most diverse groups, those that are least known, in terms of percent of the Canadian fauna that is documented, are Acari (31%), Thysanoptera (37%), Hymenoptera (46%), and Diptera (32–65%). All groups but Pauropoda have DNA barcodes based on Canadian material. More than 75,600 Barcode Index Numbers have been assigned to Canadian terrestrial arthropods, 63.5% of which are Diptera and Hymenoptera. Much work remains before the Canadian fauna is fully documented, and this will require decades to achieve. In particular, greater and more strategic investment in surveys and taxonomy (including DNA barcoding) is needed to adequately document the fauna.

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Lepidoptera of Canada

Cited by 18 publications

References 97 publications

Immigrant Tortricidae: Holarctic versus Introduced Species in North America

Immigrant Tortricidae: Holarctic versus Introduced Species in North America

Additions and corrections to the check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico IV

The diversity of terrestrial arthropods in Canada

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