Leptin in human reproduction

Messinis, Ioannis E.

doi:10.1093/humupd/5.1.52

Cited by 70 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…Although leptin values do not differ significantly between PCOS patients and controls, it is not known if body composition can affect leptin concentrations. On the other hand, leptin is secreted in a pulsatile way, and it is not known if the normal pattern of pulsatile secretion of leptin is altered in PCOS (37). Further studies are required to clarify the effects of leptin on the ovary and its possible pathophysiological role in PCOS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Mendonça

Montenegro

Foss

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) usually are obese, insulin resistant and hyperinsulinemic. The known association between leptin, obesity and insulin action suggests that leptin may have a role in PCOS but this has only been addressed peripherally. This study was designed to assess the relationship between serum leptin and the anthropometric, metabolic and endocrine variables of obese (body mass index, BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 ) and non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m 2 ) PCOS patients. Twenty-eight PCOS patients and 24 control women subdivided into obese and non-obese groups were evaluated. Leptin, androgens, lipids, gonadotrophins and insulin-glucose response to the oral glucose tolerance test were measured by radioimmunoassay in all participants. The assays were done all in one time. The areas under the insulin curve (AUC-I) and the glycemia curve were calculated to identify patients with insulin resistance. Mean leptin levels were not significantly higher in patients with PCOS compared to the control group (21.2 ± 10.2 vs 27.3 ± 12.4 ng/ml). Leptin levels were found to be significantly higher in the obese subgroups both in patients with PCOS (26.9 ± 9.3 vs 14.1 ± 7.0 ng/ml) and in the control group (37.3 ± 15.5 vs 12.9 ± 5.8 ng/ml). The leptin of the PCOS group was correlated with BMI (r = 0.74; P < 0.0001) and estradiol (r = 0.48; P < 0.008) and tended to be correlated with the AUC-I (r = 0.36; P = 0.05). Of the parameters which showed a correlation with leptin in PCOS, only estradiol and probably insulinemia (AUC-I) did not show a significant correlation with BMI, suggesting that the other parameters were correlated with leptin due to their correlation with BMI. Estradiol correlated with leptin in PCOS patients regardless of their weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Mendonça

Montenegro

Foss

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…In 65% of patients with PCOS, obesity shares one common denominator to anovulation [50]. Most of the studies have shown that BMI is the regulator for all the correlations seen between leptin and other parameters in women with PCOS [51].…”

Section: What Is the Fertility Response To Obesity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Female Fertility: The Bridging Role of Leptin

Karoutsos¹

2017

J Data Mining Genomics Proteomics

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Leptin secretion is a requirement in order for both of energy balance and reproductive capacity to be preserved. That is because leptin plays an important role in appetite regulation and balance of body weight. Leptin binds to leptin receptor in the cells of the hypothalamus. This stimulates an intracrine signaling pathway that drives downregulation of the receptors expression involved in appetite increase. It is clearly set that leptin impairs production of sex steroid hormones in granulosa cells. In addition, alterations noted in follicular fluid from obese women include increased androgen activity and decreased human chorionic gonadotropin levels by other studies. Likewise, adiponectin levels are inversely correlated with levels of insulin, which by inhibiting the production of hepatic sex hormone binding globulin, because increased levels of androgens. On meeting with the fertility problems that arise among these women, scientists must understand the pathophysiology of adipose signaling on reproductive function.

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“…30 Therefore, normal leptin levels are important prerequisites for both the onset of puberty and the maintenance of menstrual cycles and normal reproductive function. [31][32][33][34][35] Leptin in Relation to Stress In animal studies, leptin was found to inhibit responses to stress through enhancement of glucocorticoid receptor expression in CNS and sensitization of the glucocorticoid inhibitory feedback. 36,37 These mechanisms are already present at birth and provide the newborn with a regulatory mechanism against the variation of adrenal hormones during the critical period of brain development.…”

Section: Leptin In Relation To Growth and Development Of The Fetus Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Early Life Leptin Levels and Later Life Degenerative Outcomes

Alexe¹,

Syridou²,

Petridou³

2006

Clinical Medicine & Research

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The early (intrauterine and neonatal) life environment plays an important role in programming the susceptibility in later life to chronic degenerative diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer and osteoporosis.Among other hormones, leptin plays a major role in the regulation of the overall metabolism and has multiple neuroendocrine (adeno-and neuro-hypophysis axes and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis) and immune functions.The hormone exerts its actions beginning in the early life time period, regulating the intrauterine and early extrauterine life growth and development, as well as the adaptation to extrauterine life, neonatal thermogenesis and response to stress. Recent findings also support a role of leptin in the process of fetal bone remodeling and brain development.Therefore, it is of interest to explore the physiology of leptin in early life, as well as those factors that may perturb the balance of the hormone with pathological consequences in terms of confining an increased risk for disease in later life.This review aims to summarize reported findings concerning the role of leptin in early life, as well as the association of fetal, maternal and placental factors with leptin levels, while attempting to speculate mechanisms through which these factors may influence the risk for developing chronic diseases in later life.

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Leptin in human reproduction

Cited by 70 publications

References 132 publications

Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Obesity and Female Fertility: The Bridging Role of Leptin

Determinants of Early Life Leptin Levels and Later Life Degenerative Outcomes

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