Leptin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Abstract

Objectives: To test if leptin can be detected in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) around moving teeth, and to determine whether any changes occur during orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: An upper canine requiring distal movement served as the test tooth; the contralateral canine was used as a control tooth. The control tooth was included in the orthodontic appliance, but was not subjected to the orthodontic force. GCF sampling from the distal sites of the test and control teeth was done at baseline, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 168 hours. Results: Leptin concentrations of the test teeth decreased in a time-dependent manner. When compared with the baseline measurement, the decrease was significant at 168 hours (P , .05). Conclusions:The concentration of leptin in GCF is decreased by orthodontic tooth movement; the results of the present study also suggest that leptin may have been one of the mediators responsible for orthodontic tooth movement. (Angle Orthod. 2010;80:504-508.)

Salivary leptin levels in normal weight and overweight individuals and their correlation with orthodontic tooth movement

“…[13][14][15] After force application (T 1 ), the mean leptin concentration showed an initial increase but then declined at T 2 to a level even lower than the baseline value (T 0 ) both in normal weight and overweight individuals. However, this rise and fall in the leptin concentration during one cycle of orthodontic force application was contrary to results obtained by Dilsiz et al, 28 who showed a decrease in leptin concentration 1 hour after force application. Studies have demonstrated that, after force application, several proinflammatory cytokines tend to increase in the first 24 hours.…”

“…27 Recent studies evaluated leptin levels in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement and found that the leptin level is decreased during orthodontic tooth movement. 28 Leptin is also expressed in saliva, and there is a strong positive correlation between leptin concentration from saliva and serum samples. 11 Analysis of leptin in saliva is noninvasive, and its concentration is high compared with plasma samples.…”

Saliva Leptin Levels in Tooth Movement during Initial Stage of Orthodontic Alignment: A Pilot Study

“…Earlier findings concluded that leptin at high local concentrations protects the host from inflammation and infection as well as maintaining bone levels. It has been also suggested that leptin plays a significant role in bone formation by its direct effect on osteoblasts (Alparslan et al 2010). This pilot study aimed to study leptin in saliva and its association with tooth movement during initial orthodontic alignment.…”

“…Detection of the leptin level in GCF at sites under orthodontic movement had been tested and it was found that the concentration of leptin in GCF is decreased by orthodontic tooth movement 12 .…”

“…Remodeling process (resorption and apposition) takes place in periodontal tissues induced by the changes in the stress-strain distribution in the periodontium after the application of orthodontic forces 12 . Furthermore, a local damage-repair process with inflammation-like reactions, including high vascular activity with many leukocytes and macrophages and involvement with the immune system may occur during orthodontic tooth movement 5 .…”