Leptin Receptor Gene Polymorphism and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Few studies have assessed the association between leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphism and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of the few epidemiological studies on this topic, the results are still controversial. Methods: PubMed and Embase were screened for studies from their inception to 9 October 2016. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding confidence intervals (CI) were used to measure the effect size for studies that reported the association under allelic, homozygous, and dominant models. Pre-specified characteristics were conducted in the subgroup analysis. Heterogeneity between subgroups was evaluated by meta-regression analysis. Results: Seven eligible studies involving 44,133 participants were included in our meta-analysis. Borderline significant association was observed between the LEPR gene polymorphism (rs1137101, rs1137100, rs6700896, and rs8179183) and the increased risk of CVD with considerable heterogeneity under the allelic model, and the overall pooled OR (95% CI) was 1.10 (0.99, 1.22). The LEPR gene variant rs6700896, 109G allele, and 109GG genotype were significantly associated with the increased risk of CVD. Furthermore, stratified group analysis revealed that the association was more pronounced for stroke. Race-differences might also cause the considerable heterogeneity and non-significant association. Conclusions: This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between LEPR gene variants and CVD risk. Some LEPR gene variants were significantly associated with the increased risk of CVD. However, the present study is limited in its small number of included studies, considerable heterogeneity, and observational study design. Further research is still warranted to confirm the magnitude of the association.

Pectin Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Colon Cancer by Regulating Oxidative Stress- and Inflammation-Activated Signaling Pathways

“…Pectin diets can also reduce plasma leptin significantly by more than 60% in an obesity animal model ( 98 ). Leptin receptor (OB-R) can induce cardiac disorders ( 99 ) and also is linked with obesity development, which leads to obesity risk ( 100 – 102 ). Therefore, POS may affect these molecules by binding OB-R (Figure 5 ).…”

Effects of Leptin, Resistin, and <i>PPAR</i>-Gama Gene Variants on Obese Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Turkish Population

“…a p<0.05 denoted statistically significant. PPAR-γ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma, GG: guanine/guanine, CC: cytosine-cytosine, GC: Guanine/Cytosine analysis showed that Leptin Gln223Arg polymorphism was not significantly associated with cardiovascular disease risk, but have claimed that these findings are still unclear, because the frequency of the 223Arg allele was highly varied in different ethnicities (8).…”

“…Leptin, which is one of these genes, is expressed in adipocytes and regulates adiposetissue mass, food intake, energy expenditure, and body weight (7). Many studies have demonstrated that the leptin gene or leptin receptor gene polymorphisms regulate obesity and cardiovascular pathogenesis (8,9). Resistin is a novel hormone that is secreted by adipocytes and its gene is located on chromosome 19p13.2 (10).…”

NLRP3 Inflammasome Biomarker—Could Be the New Tool for Improved Cardiometabolic Syndrome Outcome

“…CMS, defined as a heterogeneous group of diseases, poses difficult therapeutic management and lacs of accurate molecular predictors [9,10]. Several biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP) [11][12][13], adiponectin [14][15][16], leptin [17][18][19][20][21], were studied as predictors for CMS risk, but results proved their failure as promising biomarkers for CMS prevention or disease prognosis prediction.…”