Leptin, resistin and visfatin as useful predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

BackgroundLipids and adipokines including leptin, resistin and visfatin play various roles in the pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). This study was aimed at determining whether serum leptin, resistin and visfatin are significantly altered during the first trimester of pregnancies that subsequently develop GDM and whether such changes are useful in predicting the disease.MethodsThis was a case-case control study which compared first trimester biochemical and anthropometric parameters in 70 pregnant women who subsequently developed GDM and 70 pregnant women without GDM at the Volta Regional Hospital, Ho, Ghana. Lipid profile and some selected adipokines were analyzed and first trimester body mass index (BMI) was determined.ResultsThere were significant differences (p < 0.05) in leptin, resistin, and visfatin as well as significant dyslipidemia among those with GDM compared to those without GDM. Furthermore, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves (AUCs) for leptin, resistin and visfatin were; 0.812, 0.836 and 0.799 respectively. Increased first trimester leptin (OR = 1.166; CI = 1.104–1.233; p < 0.0001), resistin (p < 0.0001) and visfatin (p < 0.0001) were associated with GDM.ConclusionHyperleptinemia, hyperesistinemia and hypervisfatinemia precede GDM and can serve as good predictive indices for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Circulating apelin, chemerin and omentin levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Thus, there will be increased omentin levels in early pregnancy, and omentin clearance during the later stages of pregnancy. Second, omentin may be increased in the second trimester of pregnancy because of increased fat accretion or decreased secretion from maternal adipose tissue [47][48][49].…”

Can adipokine visfatin be a novel marker of pregnancy‐related disorders in women with obesity?

“…Indeed, visfatin appears to be involved in glucose metabolism regulation and IR, suggesting its role in GDM pathogenesis 59 . Research reports have shown increased levels of circulating visfatin in pregnancies complicated with GDM 36,54,58,61,79 . The reason why women with increased BMI are at greater risk of developing GDM is related to an increase in IR.…”

Changes of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein level and analysis of its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study

“…Nowadays, many specialists focus their eyes on the role of adipokines, which contributes to the metabolic abnormalities in the mother. Some study found statistical difference in adiponectin and zinc-a2-glycoprotein between GDM patients and normal pregnant women 6,7 . ZAG is a new type of adipocytokine secreted by adipocytes, which exists in human plasma and other various body uids including sweat, milk and urine 8,9 .…”