2005
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nucl.55.090704.151558
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Leptogenesis as the Origin of Matter

Abstract: We explore in some detail the hypothesis that the generation of a primordial leptonantilepton asymmetry (Leptogenesis) early on in the history of the Universe is the root cause for the origin of matter. After explaining the theoretical conditions for producing a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe we detail how, through sphaleron processes, it is possible to transmute a lepton asymmetry -or, more precisely, a (B-L)-asymmetry -into a baryon asymmetry. Because Leptogenesis depends in detail on properties… Show more

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Cited by 688 publications
(609 citation statements)
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References 137 publications
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“…In the factor d = 3α sph /(4f ) ≈ 0.96 × 10 −2 , f = 2387/86 accounts for the dilution due to photon production from the onset of leptogenesis till recombination and the factor α sph = 28/79 accounts for the partial conversion of the lepton asymmetry into a baryon asymmetry by sphaleron processes. Since all this is assumed to happen in the thermal, radiation dominated phase of the universe, the lower bound on M 1 translates into a lower bound on the initial temperature of leptogenesis, which corresponds to a lower limit on the reheating temperature after inflation [18],…”
Section: Thermal Leptogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the factor d = 3α sph /(4f ) ≈ 0.96 × 10 −2 , f = 2387/86 accounts for the dilution due to photon production from the onset of leptogenesis till recombination and the factor α sph = 28/79 accounts for the partial conversion of the lepton asymmetry into a baryon asymmetry by sphaleron processes. Since all this is assumed to happen in the thermal, radiation dominated phase of the universe, the lower bound on M 1 translates into a lower bound on the initial temperature of leptogenesis, which corresponds to a lower limit on the reheating temperature after inflation [18],…”
Section: Thermal Leptogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the procedure described above, we find 11) and hence a clear preference for the strong wash-out regime [26]. Notice that there typically is a hierarchy between m 1 and m 1 of about one order of magnitude.…”
Section: Mass Hierarchymentioning
confidence: 79%
“…Finally, leptogenesis [25] links the low energy neutrino physics to the high energy physics of the early universe. The parameters that capture this connection are the effective neutrino mass of the first generation m 1 and the CP violation parameter ε 1 (for reviews containing the relevant formulae see, for example, [26]),…”
Section: Mass Hierarchymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lepton number asymmetries generated in heavy neutrino decays will not be completely destroyed by the lepton-number-violating inverse decays and scattering processes. In this case, the final baryon number asymmetry can be approximately computed by [74,75] …”
Section: Nearly Degenerate Massesmentioning
confidence: 99%