Leptospirosis seroprevalence among a cohort of renal patients and healthy individuals of two Districts in Sri Lanka: An interim analysis

Fonseka, G. R. A.; Senarathne, P.; Dayarathne, M.G.K.P.; Sarathkumara, Yomani D.; Muthusinghe, Bungiriye Devinda Shameera; Lokupathirage, Sithumini M. W.; Kumara, Athula; Nanayakkara, N.; Gunaratne, L.; Gamage, Chandika D.

doi:10.4038/sljid.v11i0.8386

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, leptospirosis infection has been hypothesized as one of the contributory factors of CKDu [20]. However, a recent study has shown no statistically significant association between exposures to leptospirosis and being a CKDu patient living in a CKDu-endemic area [21]. The first report of infection in Sri Lanka noted that the diagnosed patients were not from Colombo, which is the main commercial city, but rather from areas throughout the island [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hantavirus infection as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) and its prevalence in endemic areas of Sri Lanka since 2010 according to a retrospective serological analysis

Gamage

Nanayakkara

Sarathkumara

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background. Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) is a major public health problem in Sri Lanka, especially among agrarian communities. Although the cause of CKDu is still unknown, hantavirus infection has been proposed as a risk factor. Methods. This study was performed using serological samples collected from two CKDu-endemic areas, Anuradhapura (2010) and Badulla districts (2010 and 2016), and a non-endemic area, Matale (2016) district. The presence of anti-Thailand orthohantavirus IgG antibodies was investigated in serum samples. Hantavirus seroprevalence and demographic data were epidemiologically analysed. Results. Seroprevalence was higher in CKDu patients (40.6–60.0 %) and healthy individuals in CKDu-endemic areas (17.6–25.5 %) than in healthy individuals in non-endemic areas (3.0 %). Statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) for hantavirus infection in CKDu patients were detected in CKDu-endemic areas [ORs: 3.2 and 3.1; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.8–5.5 and 1.8–5.2 in Anuradhapura and Badulla districts in 2010; and OR: 4.4, 95 % CI: 2.3–8.5 in 2016 in Badulla district). Furthermore, the OR for hantavirus infection in Badulla district has increased in the last decade from 3.1 (95 % CI: 1.8–5.3) to 4.4 (95 % CI: 2.3–8.5). Conclusion. Hantavirus infection has been prevalent in two distant CKDu-endemic areas since 2010. The observed significant association of hantavirus seropositivity with CKDu indicates a possible role of hantavirus infection in CKDu pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%