Les dépôts continentaux du Jurassique moyen au Crétacé inférieur dans le Haut Atlas oriental (Maroc) : paléoenvironnements successifs et signification paléogéographique

Haddoumi, Hamid; Charrière, André; Andreu, Bernard; Mojon, Philippe

doi:10.4267/2042/18122

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…8A). The charophytes from the lacustrine limestones of Guelb el Ahmar were previously studied by Mojon in Haddoumi et al (2008) and Mojon et al Fig. 5.…”

Section: Paleobotanical Analysis Of Anoual Formation Samples (Figs 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The historical controversy is synthesized in Monbaron (1988). Since the 1980s, new paleontological discoveries with significant stratigraphical implications were made, especially for vertebrates (Monbaron and Taquet, 1981;Sigogneau-Russell et al, 1988, 1990Monbaron et al, 1999;Allain et al, 2004;Haddoumi et al, 2008Haddoumi et al, , 2010 and microfossils (Charrière, 1992;Charrière et al, 1994Charrière et al, , 2005. Together with sedimentology study, they also provide new paleoenvironmental and paleogeographical data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the geological study of the Anoual Area, eastern part of High Atlas Mountains, Morocco, Haddoumi (1998) and Haddoumi et al (2008) reported in the Guelb el Ahmar site the discovery of fossil remains of the semionotid fish Lepidotes from a lacustrine limestone bed of the Jurassic Anoual Formation. The fossiliferous bed is located stratigraphically that includes the most diversified African and Gondwanan Mesozoic mammal assemblage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GEA 3 is found in a lower lacustrine limestone level, and GEA 2 belongs to the overlying upper brown marl level. (Haddoumi et al, 2008;Mojon et al, 2009;see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Anoual Formation is subdivided into a thick continental lower member, and a shallow marine carbonaceous upper member delimited at the top by the erosional unconformity D1 that marks the contact between the Anoual and Ksar Metlili formations (Haddoumi et al, 2008). The Bathonian age of this upper marine member (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

et al. 2016

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We report the discovery in Mesozoic continental "red beds" of Anoual Syncline, Morocco, of the new Guelb el Ahmar (GEA) fossiliferous sites in the Bathonian Anoual Formation. They produced one of the richest continental biotic assemblages from the Jurassic of Gondwana, including plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. Both the sedimentological facies and the biotic assemblage indicate a lacustrine depositional environment. The flora is represented by tree trunks (three families), pollen (13 species, five major clades) and charophytes. It suggests local forests and humid (non-arid) conditions. The vertebrate fauna is dominated by microvertebrates recovered by screening-washing. It is rich and diverse, with at least 29 species of all major groups (osteichthyans, lissamphibians, chelonians, diapsids, mammals), except chondrichthyans. It includes the first mammals discovered in the Middle Jurassic of Arabo-Africa. The GEA sites yielded some of the earliest known representatives of osteoglossiform fishes, albanerpetontid and caudate amphibians, squamates (scincomorphans, anguimorphan), cladotherian mammals, and likely choristoderes. The choristoderes, if confirmed, are the first found in Gondwana, the albanerpetontid and caudatan amphibians are among the very few known in Gondwana, and the anguimorph lizard is the first known from the Mesozoic of Gondwana. Mammals (Amphitheriida, cf. Dryolestida) remain poorly known, but are the earliest cladotherians known in Gondwana. The GEA biotic assemblage is characterized by the presence of Pangean and Laurasian (especially European) taxa, and quasi absence of Gondwanan taxa. The paleobiogeographical analysis suggests either a major fossil bias in Gondwana during the Middle Jurassic, and an overall vicariant Pangean context for the GEA assemblage, or alternatively, noticeable Laurasian (European) affinities and North-South dispersals. The close resemblance between the Bathonian faunas of GEA and Britain is remarkable, even in a Pangean context. The similarity between the local Anoual Syncline Guelb el Ahmar and Ksar Metlili faunas raises questions on the ?Berriasian age of the latter.

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“…8A). The charophytes from the lacustrine limestones of Guelb el Ahmar were previously studied by Mojon in Haddoumi et al (2008) and Mojon et al Fig. 5.…”

Section: Paleobotanical Analysis Of Anoual Formation Samples (Figs 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GEA 3 is found in a lower lacustrine limestone level, and GEA 2 belongs to the overlying upper brown marl level. (Haddoumi et al, 2008;Mojon et al, 2009;see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

et al. 2016

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Postrift history of the eastern central Atlantic passive margin: Insights from the Saharan region of South Morocco

et al. 2015

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The passive margin of South Morocco is a low-elevated passive margin. It constitutes one of the oldest margins of the Atlantic Ocean, with an Early Jurassic breakup, and little geological data are available concerning its postrift reactivation so far. We investigated the postrift thermal history of the onshore part of the margin with low-temperature thermochronology on apatite crystals. Fission track and (U-Th-Sm)/He ages we obtained are significantly younger than the breakup (~190 Ma). Fission track ages range from 107 ± 8 to 175 ± 16 Ma, with mean track lengths from 10.7 ± 0.3 to 12.5 ± 0.2 μm. (U-Th-Sm)/He ages range from 14 ± 1 to 185 ± 15 Ma. Using inverse modeling of low-temperature thermochronological data, we demonstrate that the South Moroccan continental margin underwent a complex postrift history with at least two burial and exhumation phases. The first exhumation event occurred during Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous, and we attribute this to mantle dynamics rather than to intrinsic rifting-related processes such as flexural rebound. The second event, from Late Cretaceous to early Paleogene, might record the onset of Africa/Europe convergence. We show a remarkably common behavior of the whole Moroccan passive margin during its early postrift evolution. The present-day differences result from a segmentation of the margin domains due to the Africa/Europe convergence. Finally we propose that varying retained strengths during rifting and also the specific crustal/lithospheric geometry of stretching explain the difference between the topographical expressions on the continental African margin compared to its American counterpart.

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Magnitude of rift‐related burial and orogenic contraction in the Marrakech High Atlas revealed by zircon (U‐Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modeling

2016

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The Atlas of Morocco is a continental rift developed during the Triassic‐Jurassic and moderately inverted during the Cenozoic. The High Atlas south of Marrakech, with exposures of basement and Triassic early synrift deposits, has been viewed as a high during the Mesozoic rifting. First zircon (U‐Th)/He ages and thermal models obtained from 42 samples in the Marrakech High Atlas following two NNW‐SSE transects across the mountain belt reveal that in contrast to previous models, the Triassic‐Jurassic rift was well developed in the Marrakech High Atlas (with more than 4.5–6 km of rift‐related deposits). Middle Jurassic‐Early Cretaceous zHe cooling ages obtained indicate that rift‐related subsidence in the Marrakech High Atlas finished in the Middle Jurassic and was followed by a period of exhumation where 2–3 km of rock were eroded. Thermal models from zHe data provide the first thermochronologic clue for a Late Cretaceous initiation of the Atlas compression‐driven exhumation in the inner parts of the Marrakech High Atlas. The Triassic‐Jurassic basin reconstruction assisted by thermochronology highlights a key role of inherited basement anisotropy in rift orientation and evolution, and on its subsequent inversion. Comparison of present‐day and restored sections to the rifting stage aided by thermochronology suggests minimum values of total orogenic shortening in the Marrakech High Atlas of 13 to 14 km (21 to 17%), with exhumation of 1 to more than 5 km of rocks. Similar zHe ages on both sides of the Tizi n'Test fault evince minor vertical movements along the fault during the Atlas orogeny.

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Les dépôts continentaux du Jurassique moyen au Crétacé inférieur dans le Haut Atlas oriental (Maroc) : paléoenvironnements successifs et signification paléogéographique

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

Postrift history of the eastern central Atlantic passive margin: Insights from the Saharan region of South Morocco

Magnitude of rift‐related burial and orogenic contraction in the Marrakech High Atlas revealed by zircon (U‐Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modeling

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