Les éclats acheuléens à plan de frappe à facettes de Cagny-la-Garenne (Somme)

Breuil, Henri; Kelley, Harper

doi:10.3406/bspf.1956.3320

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These artifacts are known as the Mousterian and generally regarded to have been left by Homo sapiens neanderthalensis. Levallois flakes excluding points, however , had appeared earlier in the Lower Palaeolithic industries in Europe and Africa known as the Acheulean (Breuil and Kelley, 1956;Leakey, 1955), meaning that the European and African Homo erectus at least had known this flaking method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Tool-making through Verbal and Non-verbal Communication: Preliminary Experiments in Levallois Flake Production.

Ohnuma

Aoki

Akazawa

1997

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We describe a series of preliminary experiments undertaken to investigate the relationship between complicated tool-making and the presence or absence of language in its communicative role. The experiments involved teaching two groups of university students how to make Levallois flakes by either verbal or non-verbal demonstration.The rates and mean times of acquisition of the Levallois technique and of successful flake production were compared. They did not differ significantly between the two groups. From these results, we infer that spoken language was not indispensable for Levallois flake production in the Middle Palaeolithic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Tool-making through Verbal and Non-verbal Communication: Preliminary Experiments in Levallois Flake Production.

Ohnuma

Aoki

Akazawa

1997

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“…Thirdly, many examples of non-Levallois pieces with complex dorsal ridge patterns are known both archaeologically (Breuil and Kelley 1956;Kelley 1954;Warren 1919) and experimentally (Newcomer 1971) to derive from the preparation of Levallois cores or from the thinning of a bifacial axe or handaxe. A clear point of percussion and well-developed bulb imply the use of a hard hammer in striking this flake.…”

Section: Registration Number E^g^fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Levallois flakes can have plain butts, the vast majority are in fact faceted. Thirdly, many examples of non-Levallois pieces with complex dorsal ridge patterns are known both archaeologically (Breuil and Kelley 1956;Kelley 1954;Warren 1919) and experimentally (Newcomer 1971) to derive from the preparation of Levallois cores or from the thinning of a bifacial axe or handaxe.…”

Section: Registration Number E^g^fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on Palaeolithic Flakes from Ilford

Oakley¹,

Newcomer

1978

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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of the scarcity of artefacts in this fossiliferous brickearth, these flakes are of considerable value as evidence of man's activity during the accumulation of the deposit. The three flakes were recorded by J. J. Wymer (1968,, but he wisely refrained from attempting to identify the cultural tradition which they represented. Many earlier writers have identified flakes as 'Mousterian' or 'Levalloisian' without paying sufficient regard to the strict criteria which should be applied when making such attributions. In view of the very few artefacts recorded from the Ilford Brickearth, there is little doubt that when A. S. Kennard (1916, 255) referred to 'Levalloisian finds' from this site he was making an assessment of the two blade-like flakes found by his friend Frank Corner, and I must confess that I 'followed suit' (Oakley 1963, 89). On retirement from the staff of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I resolved to ask a specialist in flint technology to re-study and make a professional assessment of the Ilford flakes. Through his visiting the Baden-Powell Quaternary Research Centre at 60 Banbury Road, Oxford, I was able to interest Dr Mark Newcomer in this problem, with the result that he undertook to write the notes which follow,, while his wife prepared the accompanying drawings ( fig. 1-3).It may be helpful to the reader if I place the Ilford artefacts in their geological context. Extensive pits for brickearth were worked throughout the nineteenth century at the northern end of the Uphall Road, Ilford (now in the borough of Redbridge), notably on the west side (TQ 436856). These workings attracted much attention from geologists on account of the quantities of fossil mammalian bones and teeth, and molluscan shells, which were brought to light from time to time. The Ilford Brickearth is particularly renowned for the tusks, molars and bones of elephant. More than 100 individuals of elephant had been reported from the Ilford pits by the 1870s (Woodward and Davies 1874, 395). The majority of the elephant remains from Ilford belong to the early species of mammoth, Elephas (Mammuthus) trogontherii, but examples of the straight-tusked elephant, Elephas (Palaeoloxodori) antiquus have been recorded in small numbers in lower and upper levels of the brickearth. A recent exposure through the brickearth was described by Rolfe (1958) who reported that it was 10 ft (3^05 m) thick, resting on 3 ft (0-9 m) of fossiliferous sand. The base of the brickearth ranged from 33 ft (10 m) to 25 ft (7-6 m) above Ordnance Datum along a N to S line.

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“…The Levallois technology (LT) appeared at the end of the Lower Palaeolithic in Europe and Africa (Breuil & Kelley 1956;Leakey 1955), but became especially widespread in the Middle Journal of Lithic Studies (2022) vol. 9, nr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levallois technology in southern Patagonia (Argentina and Chile): current knowledge and future perspectives

Pallo

2022

JLS

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Situated on the extreme point of South America, southern Patagonia has yielded the southernmost evidence of Levallois lithic technology. There, enough evidence of the use of a method of core preparation for production of predefined flakes similarly structured to the known Levallois technology (LT) in the Old World is present. An overview of the currently available information (distribution, chronology, frequency, artifact classes, raw materials and techno-morphological attributes) on Levallois technology in southern continental Patagonia and on the Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina and Chile) is presented here in order to discuss its place in the shared technological background of local hunter-gatherers during the Holocene. The analysis of the information shows that the LT occurs at very low frequency, mainly involving cores, knives and sidescrapers on local raw materials but encompassing a high diversity in terms of ecological contexts and human subsistence. These findings are an indicator that several populations were simultaneously familiar with this technology, possibly through long-distance movements of individuals or social networks to share ideas and information on how to make and use these artifacts. In this regard, the middle Holocene was an important period when the LT became a shared technological phenomenon on a macro-regional scale. However, the evidence on LT is still scarce in Patagonian contexts and emphasizes possible linkages with other reduction strategies, especially the Discoid flaking method, the search for maximize lithic raw material exploitation and even the need to produce versatile tools to deal with a diversity of tasks. It is still unclear therefore whether the LT reflects a truly method to get predetermined flakes with specific morphological features or it mainly attended to other circumstances due to the influence of environment, the spatial organization of human groups or the lithic reduction systems. This issue probably requires an exhaustive study of Levallois cores, specially their own particular sequential development of reduction, frequency and relationship with other knapping techniques recorded in the Patagonian lithic assemblages.

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Les éclats acheuléens à plan de frappe à facettes de Cagny-la-Garenne (Somme)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Transmission of Tool-making through Verbal and Non-verbal Communication: Preliminary Experiments in Levallois Flake Production.

Transmission of Tool-making through Verbal and Non-verbal Communication: Preliminary Experiments in Levallois Flake Production.

Notes on Palaeolithic Flakes from Ilford

Levallois technology in southern Patagonia (Argentina and Chile): current knowledge and future perspectives

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