Les effectifs des congrégations féminines au XIXe siècle. De l'enquête statistique à l'histoire quantitative

Femininity and the Right: From moral order to moral order

“…8 Also, since the middle of the century, there had been a remarkable expansion of charitable associations and religious orders open to women of peasant and artisan background, fuelled by demand for teachers, nurses and supervisor y personnel for convent textile factories. 9 As Margerie put it, such women would 'offer up the gift of themselves in a sel sh century'. Through these activities many Catholic women found themselves aligned with Legitimists in their con ict with republicans for social and political power, as in the Isère, where noblewomen were deeply implicated in the educational con ict that did so much to politicise French villages.…”

Willing women and the rise of convents in nineteenth-century England

“…The pattern of growth was such that, once well established within an area, the congregations tended to set up satellite houses in other districts. The nuns residing in and working from satellite convents, whilst requiring the approval of the clergy, were directly responsible to their superior at the Motherhouse and thus, following a continental model [15], a network of convents with a central management system, under a female superior, was established. [16] This format for religious life was brought to England in the mid-century by the established European congregations who, at that time, opened English houses.…”