Les inégalités face à la justice pénale

Bihr, Alain; Pfefferkorn, Roland

doi:10.3406/raipr.1999.3538

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Cela revient à dire que les processus de segmentation, de hiérarchisation et d'opposition conflictuelle qui caractérisent les sociétés contemporaines (en nous en tenant ici au seul exemple de la France) continuent à y donner naissance à des groupements macrosociologiques présentant toutes les caractéristiques des classes sociales au sens entendu par la première des traditions précédentes. Nous fondons l'affirmation de cette persistance sur les conclusions auxquelles nous sommes parvenus au terme d'une étude aussi exhaustive que possible des inégalités entre catégories sociales, telles qu'elles peuvent être appréhendées à travers la nomenclature des catégories socioprofessionnelles de l'INSEE (Institut nationale de la statistique et des études économiques) sur la base d'une exploitation secondaire d'un très grand nombre de données produites par l'appareil statistique public 7 (Bihr, Pfefferkorn 1999 ;Bihr, Pfefferkorn 2021). Nous condensons ici les principales de ces conclusions en renvoyant le lecteur aux ouvrages eux-mêmes pour le détail des résultats.…”

Section: Les Classes Sociales Sont Quelque Choseunclassified

The Globalisation of Social Polarisation Within Nations

2024

INQ

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Certificazione scientifica delle Opere pubblicate da Edizioni Ca' Foscari -Digital Publishing: tutti i saggi pubblicati hanno ottenuto il parere favorevole da parte di valutatori esperti della materia, attraverso un processo di revisione anonima sotto la responsabilità del Comitato scientifico della rivista. La valutazione è stata condotta in aderenza ai criteri scientifici ed editoriali di Edizioni Ca' Foscari.Scientific certification of the works published by Edizioni Ca' Foscari -Digital Publishing: all essays published in this volume have received a favourable opinion by subject-matter experts, through an anonymous peer review process under the responsibility of the Advisory Board of the journal. The evaluations were conducted in adherence to the scientific and editorial criteria established by Edizioni Ca' Foscari. Inequalities

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Section: Les Classes Sociales Sont Quelque Choseunclassified

The Globalisation of Social Polarisation Within Nations

2024

INQ

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“…The term ‘digital inequality’ was introduced to extend the digital divide concept to include access to different types of technology, as well as knowledge and skills in technology use, and the capacity of an individual to harness their skill [14]. In countries such as Australia, where there is minimal digital access divide for young people (with near universal school computer access and home computer access), digital inequality may still exist in the nature of computer use [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A socioeconomic related 'digital divide' exists in how, not if, young people use computers

2017

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Government initiatives have tried to ensure uniform computer access for young people; however a divide related to socioeconomic status (SES) may still exist in the nature of information technology (IT) use. This study aimed to investigate this relationship in 1,351 Western Australian children between 6 and 17 years of age. All participants had computer access at school and 98.9% at home. Neighbourhood SES was related to computer use, IT activities, playing musical instruments, and participating in vigorous physical activity. Participants from higher SES neighbourhoods were more exposed to school computers, reading, playing musical instruments, and vigorous physical activity. Participants from lower SES neighbourhoods were more exposed to TV, electronic games, mobile phones, and non-academic computer activities at home. These patterns may impact future economic, academic, and health outcomes. Better insight into neighbourhood SES influences will assist in understanding and managing the impact of computer use on young people’s health and development.

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“…As a result a large wave of young people, mainly from lower social classes, have experienced increasing access to college education. Though this change denotes an undeniable democratization of education in French society, the odds of succeeding at university remain, however, strongly linked to students’ social backgrounds and therefore to the type of baccalaureate degree (general versus technological) they possess (Bihr & Pfefferkorn, 1999). National statistics show that students holding a general baccalaureate have almost seven times more chance of pursuing their college curriculum at the level of “licence” (3rd year of college) than those holding a technological degree (Blöss & Erlich, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…What are the causes of this underachievement? A first possibility is that some of the first year-students are not well-prepared or do actually not attend classes regularly and that the proportion of these students is greater among those holding a technological baccalaureate, who are mainly of low socioeconomic status (Bihr & Pfefferkorn, 1999). Though this may be true to some extent, this explanation may not tell the whole story.…”

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Why do students holding non-prestigious high school degrees underachieve at the university?

Croizet

Dutrévis

Désert

2002

Swiss Journal of Psychology

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Students holding less prestigious technological baccalaureates underachieve in college compared to those who have a general baccalaureate. Because they are also suspected of having lower intellectual ability, the stereotype threat hypothesis ( Steele, 1997 ) was tested as a possible explanation for this difference. It was expected that activation of stereotype threat would disrupt their performance, affect their state self-esteem and undermine their academic motivation. The study varied stereotype threat by manipulating the instructions accompanying the test that each participant completed. The test was described either as diagnostic or as non- diagnostic of intellectual ability. As predicted, students holding technological baccalaureates performed worse, reported lower state self-esteem and lower motivation towards education when the test was presented as ability-diagnostic. No such effect was observed for students holding a more prestigious general baccalaureate.

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Les inégalités face à la justice pénale

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Globalisation of Social Polarisation Within Nations

The Globalisation of Social Polarisation Within Nations

A socioeconomic related 'digital divide' exists in how, not if, young people use computers

Why do students holding non-prestigious high school degrees underachieve at the university?

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