Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth and the Juvenile Justice System

Garnette, Laura; Irvine, Angela; Reyes, Carolyn; Wilber, Shannan

doi:10.1002/9781118093375.ch8

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, this results in incarceration that may be unnecessary and that may actually be more harmful to the youth because of the risks of assault or harassment in detention settings. 38 If the court deems home life undesirable, LGBT youth may be detained for long periods, further subjecting them to stress and interruption of their normal adolescent development. 38 On disposition, many LGBT youth will be placed on probation with stipulations, such as following parental dictates and attending school-requirements with which the youth may not be able to comply because they would be placed in unsafe situations.…”

Section: Special Populations Girlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care for Youth Involved with the Correctional System

Perry

Morris

2014

Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice

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Section: Special Populations Girlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care for Youth Involved with the Correctional System

Perry

Morris

2014

Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice

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“…Transactional sex-participation in sexual acts in exchange for drugs, money, shelter, or other goodsoften draws high levels of public health and police scrutiny in urban centers [6][7][8]. The vulnerabilities that SMY face at all stages of the criminal justice system are associated with transactional sex for survival [9,10]. In one NYC-based survey, nearly 20% of youth who reported transactional sex also reported at least weekly police contact [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Incarceration and Transactional Sex among HIV-infected Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States

et al. 2018

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Criminal justice practices in the USA disproportionately affect sexual and racial/ethnic minority men, who are at higher risk of incarceration. Previous research demonstrates associations between incarceration and sexual risk behaviors for men who have sex with men (MSM). However, little of this work focuses on young MSM (YMSM), particularly HIV-infected YMSM, despite nearly one-third reporting engagement in sexual risk behaviors, such as transactional sex. We therefore explored the association between incarceration and transactional sex among HIV-infected YMSM. We recruited 97 HIV-infected YMSM across 14 clinical sites in urban centers from August 2015 to February 2016. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the relationship between incarceration and transactional sex among YMSM. The majority was 24 years old (78%) and racial/ethnic minority (95%); over half were not in school and reported an annual income of < $12,000. In the multivariate model, having ever been incarcerated (aOR = 3.20; 95% CI 1.07-9.63) was independently associated with a history of transactional sex. Being 24 years vs. younger (aOR = 9.68; 95% CI 1.42-65.78) and having ever been homeless (aOR = 3.71, 95% CI 1.18-11.65) also remained independently associated with a history of transactional sex. This analysis fills a gap in the literature by examining the relationship between incarceration and transactional sex among HIV-infected YMSM. Facilitating youths' engagement with social services available in their HIV clinic may serve as a key strategy in promoting health. Public health efforts need to address social-structural factors driving disproportionate rates of arrest and incarceration and related harms among this population.

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“…Sexual minority youth in the juvenile justice system are more likely than their heterosexual peers to report histories of home removal, group home or foster care placements, and/or homelessness (Irvine 2010; Irvine and Canfield 2016), as well as past experiences of victimization and self-harm (Belknap et al 2012), dating violence and suicide attempts (Buttar et al 2013). They are also more likely than heterosexual youth to report having been detained for offenses commonly associated with survival strategies, such as running away, truancy, technical violations, or prostitution (Irvine 2010; Garnette, Irvine, Reyes, & Wilber 2011). In a community-based survey of sexual and gender minority youth who had traded sex for survival, most of whom youth of color, nearly one-fifth reported having weekly or more frequent police contact (Dank et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disproportionality and Disparities among Sexual Minority Youth in Custody

Wilson

Jordan

Meyer

et al. 2017

J Youth Adolescence

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Research indicates that sexual minority youth are disproportionately criminalized in the U.S. and subjected to abusive treatment while in correctional facilities. However, the scope and extent of disparities based on sexual orientation remains largely overlooked in the juvenile justice literature. This study, based on a nationally representative federal agency survey conducted in 2012 (N= 8,785; 9.9% girls), reveals that 39.4% of girls and 3.2% of boys in juvenile correctional facilities identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. These youth, particularly gay and bisexual boys, report higher rates of sexual victimization compared to their heterosexual peers. Sexual minority youth, defined as both lesbian, gay, and bisexual identified youth as well as youth who identified as straight and reported some same-sex attraction, were also 2-3 times more likely than heterosexual youth to report prior episodes of detention lasting a year or more. Implications for future research and public policy are discussed.

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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth and the Juvenile Justice System

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Health Care for Youth Involved with the Correctional System

Health Care for Youth Involved with the Correctional System

The Association between Incarceration and Transactional Sex among HIV-infected Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States

Disproportionality and Disparities among Sexual Minority Youth in Custody

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