Lesions of the Auditory Cortex Impair Azimuthal Sound Localization and Its Recalibration in Ferrets

Nodal, Fernando R.; Kacelnik, Oliver; Bajo, Victoria M.; Bizley, Jennifer K.; Moore, David R.; King, Andrew J.

doi:10.1152/jn.00991.2009

Cited by 65 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The multiple inputs to the auditory cortex, and the multiple pathways through the auditory cortex, are possible reasons why the immediate and temporary nature of cortical inactivation via cooling produces such pronounced behavioral deficits when compared with the rather more nuanced changes observed after more prolonged forms of inactivation or permanent lesions (Heffner, 1997; Smith et al, 2004; Bizley et al, 2007b; Malhotra and Lomber, 2007; Nodal et al, 2010, 2012). These multiple pathways potentially provide the auditory cortex with a basis by which considerable compensatory plasticity can occur, with information organized in a frequency‐specific way still gaining access to the auditory cortex even in the absence of an intact auditory core.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico‐cortical connectivity within ferret auditory cortex

Bizley

Bajo

Nodal³

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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Despite numerous studies of auditory cortical processing in the ferret (Mustela putorius), very little is known about the connections between the different regions of the auditory cortex that have been characterized cytoarchitectonically and physiologically. We examined the distribution of retrograde and anterograde labeling after injecting tracers into one or more regions of ferret auditory cortex. Injections of different tracers at frequency‐matched locations in the core areas, the primary auditory cortex (A1) and anterior auditory field (AAF), of the same animal revealed the presence of reciprocal connections with overlapping projections to and from discrete regions within the posterior pseudosylvian and suprasylvian fields (PPF and PSF), suggesting that these connections are frequency specific. In contrast, projections from the primary areas to the anterior dorsal field (ADF) on the anterior ectosylvian gyrus were scattered and non‐overlapping, consistent with the non‐tonotopic organization of this field. The relative strength of the projections originating in each of the primary fields differed, with A1 predominantly targeting the posterior bank fields PPF and PSF, which in turn project to the ventral posterior field, whereas AAF projects more heavily to the ADF, which then projects to the anteroventral field and the pseudosylvian sulcal cortex. These findings suggest that parallel anterior and posterior processing networks may exist, although the connections between different areas often overlap and interactions were present at all levels. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:2187–2210, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico‐cortical connectivity within ferret auditory cortex

Bizley

Bajo

Nodal³

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…This has been demonstrated in animal models following monaural plugging (King et al, 2000; Kacelnik et al, 2006; Irving et al, 2011), deactivation of areas of auditory cortex (Nodal et al, 2012) and lesions to auditory cortex (Nodal et al, 2010). In humans, artificially altering the pinnae or other ear structures (e.g., occluding the concha with a custom earmold), deteriorates localization accuracy (Wightman and Kistler, 1997; Hofman et al, 1998; Van Wanrooij and Van Opstal, 2004; Irving and Moore, 2011; Agterberg et al, 2012).…”

Section: 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Localization training results in individuals with unilateral severe to profound hearing loss

et al. 2015

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Adults with unilateral hearing loss often demonstrate decreased sound localization ability and report that situations requiring spatial hearing are especially challenging. Few studies have evaluated localization abilities combined with training in this population. The present pilot study examined whether localization of two sound types would improve after training, and explored the relation between localization ability or training benefit and demographic factors. Eleven participants with unilateral severe to profound hearing loss attended five training sessions; localization cues gradually decreased across sessions. Localization ability was assessed pre- and post-training. Assessment stimuli were monosyllabic words and spectral and temporal random spectrogram sounds. Root mean square errors for each participant and stimulus type were used in group and correlation analyses; individual data were examined with ordinary least squares regression. Mean pre- to post-training test results were significantly different for all stimulus types. Among the participants, eight significantly improved following training on at least one localization measure, whereas three did not. Participants with the poorest localization ability improved the most and likewise, those with the best pre-training ability showed the least training benefit. Correlation results suggested that test age, age at onset of severe to profound hearing loss and better ear high frequency audibility may contribute to localization ability. Results support the need for continued investigation of localization training efficacy and consideration of localization training within rehabilitation protocols for individuals with unilateral severe to profound hearing loss.

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“…Sound localization deficits can last for months, depending on when, during postnatal development, the ear canal is blocked (Knudsen et al 1984b). More recent investigations in ferret have shown that intensive perceptual training can restore localization accuracy following unilateral auditory deprivation and that this plasticity relies critically on the function of descending corticocollicullar connections, highlighting the potential importance of auditory cortex circuits in the expression of amblyaudia (Kacelnik et al 2006;Bajo et al 2010;Nodal et al 2010). …”

Section: Basic Research Studies Linking Developmental Auditory Deprivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Perceptual and Pathophysiological Consequences of Auditory Deprivation in Early Postnatal Life: A Comparison of Basic and Clinical Studies

Whitton

Polley

2011

JARO

118

130

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Decades of clinical and basic research in visual system development have shown that degraded or imbalanced visual inputs can induce a long-lasting visual impairment called amblyopia. In the auditory domain, it is well established that inducing a conductive hearing loss (CHL) in young laboratory animals is associated with a panoply of central auditory system irregularities, ranging from cellular morphology to behavior. Human auditory deprivation, in the form of otitis media (OM), is tremendously common in young children, yet the evidence linking a history of OM to long-lasting auditory processing impairments has been equivocal for decades. Here, we review the apparent discrepancies in the clinical and basic auditory literature and provide a meta-analysis to show that the evidence for human amblyaudia, the auditory analog of amblyopia, is considerably more compelling than is generally believed. We argue that a major cause for this discrepancy is the fact that most clinical studies attempt to link central auditory deficits to a history of middle ear pathology, when the primary risk factor for brain-based developmental impairments such as amblyopia and amblyaudia is whether the afferent sensory signal is degraded during critical periods of brain development. Accordingly, clinical studies that target the subset of children with a history of OM that is also accompanied by elevated hearing thresholds consistently identify perceptual and physiological deficits that can endure for years after peripheral hearing is audiometrically normal, in keeping with the animal studies on CHL. These studies suggest that infants with OM severe enough to cause degraded afferent signal transmission (e.g., CHL) are particularly at risk to develop lasting central auditory impairments. We propose some practical guidelines to identify at-risk infants and test for the positive expression of amblyaudia in older children.

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Lesions of the Auditory Cortex Impair Azimuthal Sound Localization and Its Recalibration in Ferrets

Cited by 65 publications

References 36 publications

Cortico‐cortical connectivity within ferret auditory cortex

Cortico‐cortical connectivity within ferret auditory cortex

Localization training results in individuals with unilateral severe to profound hearing loss

Evaluating the Perceptual and Pathophysiological Consequences of Auditory Deprivation in Early Postnatal Life: A Comparison of Basic and Clinical Studies

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