Lesions of the Seminal Vesicles and their MRI Characteristics

Reddy, Mahati; Verma, Sadhna

doi:10.4103/2156-7514.143734

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…With treatment, the swelling of the prostate reduces and the caseous abscess cavity resolves (45). There may be residual fibrosis and calcification based on previously reported computed tomographic features of mycobacterial granulomatous prostatitis (48,49). In our experience, there are residual patchy areas of markedly low T2 signal intensity within the prostate due to a combination of calcification, fibrosis, and noncaseating necrosis.…”

Section: Mimics Of Prostate Carcinoma At Mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Benign Conditions That Mimic Prostate Carcinoma: MR Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation

Kitzing¹,

Prando²,

Varol³

et al. 2016

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Multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging combines anatomic and functional imaging techniques for evaluating the prostate and is increasingly being used in diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. A wide spectrum of anatomic and pathologic processes in the prostate may masquerade as prostate cancer, complicating the imaging interpretation. The histopathologic and imaging findings of these potential mimics are reviewed. These entities include the anterior fibromuscular stroma, surgical capsule, central zone, periprostatic vein, periprostatic lymph nodes, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), atrophy, necrosis, calcification, hemorrhage, and prostatitis. An understanding of the prostate zonal anatomy is helpful in distinguishing the anatomic entities from prostate cancer. The anterior fibromuscular stroma, surgical capsule, and central zone are characteristic anatomic features of the prostate with associated low T2 signal intensity due to dense fibromuscular tissue or complex crowded glandular tissue. BPH, atrophy, necrosis, calcification, and hemorrhage all have characteristic features with one or more individual multiparametric MR imaging modalities. Prostatitis constitutes a heterogeneous group of infective and inflammatory conditions including acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis, infective and noninfective granulomatous prostatitis, and malacoplakia. These entities are associated with variable clinical manifestations and are characterized by the histologic hallmark of marked inflammatory cellular infiltration. In some cases, these entities are indistinguishable from prostate cancer at multiparametric MR imaging and may even exhibit extraprostatic extension and lymphadenopathy, mimicking locally advanced prostate cancer. It is important for the radiologists interpreting prostate MR images to be aware of these pitfalls for accurate interpretation.

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Section: Mimics Of Prostate Carcinoma At Mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Benign Conditions That Mimic Prostate Carcinoma: MR Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation

Kitzing¹,

Prando²,

Varol³

et al. 2016

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150

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“…Recent advancements in imaging of prostate with MRI using an endorectal coil have significantly valorized the sensitivity of determining SV tumor invasion, which affects the prognosis and may alter the course of the treatment. 16 However, a solid retrovesical lesion with no suspicion of local invasion, found on MRI or TRUS, or a biopsy that shows a benign lesion, can be managed conservatively if the patient is asymptomatic. 17 In our case, however, even the pathological analysis of the biopsy specimen revealed an adenocarcinoma of the left SV, thus orienting for RP rather than a simple vesiculectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of an Early Diagnosis in Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Seminal Vesicle

Dell’Atti

2016

Rare Tumors

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The prognosis of seminal vesicle (SV) adenocarcinoma is often poor due to delayed diagnosis. About 95% of the patients die in less than 3 years. Diagnosis is difficult due to the absence of early clinical signs as hematuria, hematospermia and/or dysuria. We present the case of a 61-year-old Caucasian man with a left SV mass detected by transrectal ultrasound. SV ultrasound-guided biopsy showed an adenocarcinoma. The tumor was uniformly strongly immunoreactive for cytokeratin-7 and carcinoembryonic antigen. There was no immunoreactivity for prostate-specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) and CK-20. These tumors have been reported to be also positive for CA-125. Therefore a combination of positive staining for CK-7, CEA and CA-125; with negative staining for CK-20, PSA and PSAP is the pattern of immunohistochemical findings noted for this rare tumor. The computed tomography of the abdomen-pelvis and chest X-ray was negative for metastases. The patient underwent a radical prostatectomy and lymphadenectomy. The prostate, rectum, bladder and lymph nodes were free from tumor involvement. The patient did not receive any adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation; and remains free of disease 3 years post-surgery.

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“…For the EDU incorporation assay, 5 £ 10 3 GC-1 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and starved for 16 h and treated with reagents as described above. After 30 min staining with Hoechst 33342, the percentages of EDU-positive cells were counted from 500 cells and analyzed according to the methods [68]. The staining images were captured with Nikon Eclipse Ti-S fluorescence microscope (Nikon).…”

Section: Proliferation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

VEGFC/VEGFR3 Signaling Regulates Mouse Spermatogonial Cell Proliferation via the Activation of AKT/MAPK and Cyclin D1 Pathway and Mediates the Apoptosis by affecting Caspase 3/9 and Bcl-2

et al. 2018

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We have previously shown that the transcript levels of Vegfc and its receptor Vegfr3 were high in spermatogonia and extremely low in spermatocytes and spermatids. However, it remains unknown about the functions and the mechanisms of VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling in regulating the fate determinations of spermatogonia. To this end, here we explored the role and signaling pathways of VEGFC/VEGFR3 by using a cell line derived from immortalized mouse spermatogonia retaining markers of mitotic germ cells, namely GC-1 cells. VEGFR3 was expressed in mouse primary spermatogonia and GC-1 cells. VEGFC stimulated the proliferation and DNA synthesis of GC-1 cells and enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K-AKT and MAPK, whereas LY294002 (an inhibitor for AKT) and CI-1040 (an inhibitor for MAPK) blocked the effect of VEGFC on GC-1 cell proliferation. Furthermore, VEGFC increased the transcripts of c-fos and Egr1 and protein levels of cyclin D1, PCNA and Bcl-2. Conversely, the blocking of VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling by VEGFR3 knockdown reduced the phosphorylation of AKT/MAPK and decreased the levels of cyclin D1 and PCNA. Additionally, VEGFR3 knockdown not only resulted in more apoptosis of GC-1 cells but also led to a decrease of Bcl-2 and promoted the cleavage of Caspase-3/9 and PARP. Collectively, these data suggested that VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling promotes the proliferation of GC-1 cells via the AKT /MAPK and cyclin D1 pathway and it inhibits the cell apoptosis through Caspase-3/9, PARP and Bcl-2. Thus, this study sheds a novel insight to the molecular mechanisms underlying the fate decisions of mammalian spermatogonia.

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Lesions of the Seminal Vesicles and their MRI Characteristics

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

Benign Conditions That Mimic Prostate Carcinoma: MR Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation

Benign Conditions That Mimic Prostate Carcinoma: MR Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation

Importance of an Early Diagnosis in Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Seminal Vesicle

VEGFC/VEGFR3 Signaling Regulates Mouse Spermatogonial Cell Proliferation via the Activation of AKT/MAPK and Cyclin D1 Pathway and Mediates the Apoptosis by affecting Caspase 3/9 and Bcl-2

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