Less symptomatic, but equally impaired: Clinical impairment in restricting versus binge-eating/purging subtype of anorexia nervosa

Reas, Deborah L.; Rø, Øyvind

doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.12.004

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We suggest that the differences in the Y‐BOCS and YBC‐EDS scores between the three groups may reflect an overall greater severity of ED and comorbid symptoms in patients with AN‐B/P. As specified in Section 1, some studies have found that patients with AN‐B/P show greater ED‐related pathology, depression, and anxiety in comparison with patients with AN‐R and BN (Cassin & Von Ranson, ; Reas & Rø, ; Stein, Lilenfeld, Wildman, & Marcus, ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…This is of importance because although patients with restrictive-type EDs (e.g., AN restrictive type) and binge-purge EDs (e.g., BN) share several important core attributes (e.g., elevated perfectionism, sensitivity to social rewards, and harm avoidance- Cassin & Von Ranson, 2005;Farstad, McGeown, & von Ranson, 2016), they nevertheless differ on other important characteristics, for example, greater impulsivity (Waxman, 2009) and emotional dysregulation (Anderson et al, 2018) in binge/purge-type EDs. Moreover, several studies (Carter et al, 2012;Lynn & Rø, 2018;Peat, Mitchell, Hoek, & Wonderlich, 2009) indicate that patients with AN binge-purge type (AN-B/P) show greater overall psychopathology as well as ED-related pathology and worse long-term outcome in comparison with patients with AN restricting type (AN-R) and BN. Nevertheless, other studies have not shown this discrepancy (Eddy et al, 2002;Kaye, Wierenga, Bailer, Simmons, & Bischoff-Grethe, 2013;Nagata, McConaha, Rao, Sokol, & Kaye, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obsessive–compulsive symptomatology in female adolescent inpatients with restrictive compared with binge–purge eating disorders

Lewis

Mann

Enoch‐Levy

et al. 2018

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive–compulsive symptomatology in female adolescent inpatients with restrictive compared with binge–purge eating disorders

Lewis

Mann

Enoch‐Levy

et al. 2018

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, a previous study on SCC-DBS by Lipsman et al showed the mean BMI of 5 patients with BP-AN (15.68 ± 1.70 kg/m 2 ) to be lower than that of 9 subjects with R-AN (18.26 ± 3.83 kg/m 2 ) at the 1-year follow-up (p ¼ 0.185) [14]. Indeed, patients with BP-AN exhibited higher levels of the core AN psychopathology, such as the restrained food intake, shape/weight concerns, and eating concerns as compared to subjects with R-AN [31]. Moreover, the former report greater neurocognitive impairments than the latter [32], which is consistent with our result on the significantly lower presurgical MMSE score seen in patients with BP-AN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for treatment-refractory anorexia nervosa: A long-term follow-up study

Liu

Zhan

et al. 2020

Brain Stimulation

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Background: Given that anorexia nervosa (AN) is a life-threatening mental disorder and has poor clinical outcomes, novel effective treatments are warranted, especially for severe and persistent cases. Objective: To investigate the safety, feasibility, and clinical outcomes of using deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in treatment-refractory AN patients. Methods: A total of 28 women with refractory AN underwent NAcc-DBS and completed this 2-year follow-up study. The clinical outcomes, including body mass index (BMI) and mood, anxiety, and obsessive symptoms, were assessed using a series of psychiatric scales at 6 and 24 months post operation. Results: While no fatalities were reported during this study, 1 patient showed device rejection. The most common short-term side effect observed was varying degrees of pain at the incision sites (n ¼ 22), which usually disappeared 3e4 days following the operation. No severe surgical adverse events were observed. Compared to presurgical levels, significant increases in BMI and improvement in psychiatric scale scores were noted during the 6-month follow-up and were maintained at the 2-year review. Finally, a post-hoc analysis revealed that the NAcc-DBS was less effective for weight restoration in patients with the bingeeating/purge subtype of AN than in those with the restricting subtype (R-AN). Conclusion: Our long-term follow-up study suggests that NAcc-DBS is safe and effective for improving the BMI and psychiatric symptoms of patients with refractory AN. Although NAcc-DBS appears to be more suitable for patients with RAN , strict inclusion criteria must be applied considering surgeryrelated complications.

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“…However, some patients also used compensatory behavior such as purging. AN binge-eating/purging has been recognized as a clinically relevant subtype, demonstrating higher levels of core ED psychopathology and more severe cognitive impairments, and therefore may cause significant sample heterogeneity (Reas and Rø 2018;Tamiya et al 2018). The authors were able to successfully generate iPSC-derived cortical neurons, with no differences in differentiation capability observed.…”

Section: Eating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health dished up—the use of iPSC models in neuropsychiatric research

et al. 2020

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Genetic and molecular mechanisms that play a causal role in mental illnesses are challenging to elucidate, particularly as there is a lack of relevant in vitro and in vivo models. However, the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has provided researchers with a novel toolbox. We conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA statement. A PubMed and Web of Science online search was performed (studies published between 2006–2020) using the following search strategy: hiPSC OR iPSC OR iPS OR stem cells AND schizophrenia disorder OR personality disorder OR antisocial personality disorder OR psychopathy OR bipolar disorder OR major depressive disorder OR obsessive compulsive disorder OR anxiety disorder OR substance use disorder OR alcohol use disorder OR nicotine use disorder OR opioid use disorder OR eating disorder OR anorexia nervosa OR attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder OR gaming disorder. Using the above search criteria, a total of 3515 studies were found. After screening, a final total of 56 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in our study. Using iPSC technology, psychiatric disease can be studied in the context of a patient’s own unique genetic background. This has allowed great strides to be made into uncovering the etiology of psychiatric disease, as well as providing a unique paradigm for drug testing. However, there is a lack of data for certain psychiatric disorders and several limitations to present iPSC-based studies, leading us to discuss how this field may progress in the next years to increase its utility in the battle to understand psychiatric disease.

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Less symptomatic, but equally impaired: Clinical impairment in restricting versus binge-eating/purging subtype of anorexia nervosa

Cited by 28 publications

References 54 publications

Obsessive–compulsive symptomatology in female adolescent inpatients with restrictive compared with binge–purge eating disorders

Obsessive–compulsive symptomatology in female adolescent inpatients with restrictive compared with binge–purge eating disorders

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for treatment-refractory anorexia nervosa: A long-term follow-up study

Mental health dished up—the use of iPSC models in neuropsychiatric research

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