Lessons from Klotho mouse models to understand mineral homeostasis

Abstract

AimKlotho, a key component of the endocrine fibroblast growth factor receptor—fibroblast growth factor axis, is a multi‐functional protein that impacts renal electrolyte handling. The physiological significance of Klotho will be highlighted in the regulation of calcium, phosphate, and potassium metabolism.MethodsIn this review, we compare several murine models with different renal targeted deletions of Klotho and the insights into the molecular and physiological function that these models offer.ResultsIn vivo, Klotho deficiency is associated with severely impaired mineral metabolism, with consequences on growth, longevity and disease development. Additionally, we explore the perspectives of Klotho in renal pathology and vascular events, as well as potential Klotho treatment options.ConclusionThis comprehensive review emphasizes the use of Klotho to shed light on deciphering the renal molecular in vivo mechanisms in electrolyte handling, as well as novel therapeutic interventions.