“…In the early 1990s, targeted efforts were established to encourage social work education programs and public child welfare agencies to collaborate to expand the use of Title IV-E funding (Briar, Harris, & Hansen, 1992;Chavkin & Sallee, 2012;Zlotnik, 1993Zlotnik, , 1997Zlotnik, , 2002. Such collaborations could address recruitment and retention efforts and were also intended to enhance the qualifications and competencies of the child welfare workforce.…”