“…Existing studies regarding the relationship between media richness and citizen engagement through social media have focused predominantly on the specific dimension of citizen engagement (likes, shares or retweets, and comments), but the results reported are controversial. Although most studies support the assumption that multimedia content receives more likes (Bhattacharya et al, 2017;Bons� on et al, 2019;Brubaker & Wilson, 2018;Ji, Chen, Tao, & Li, 2019;Lee & Xu, 2018) and shares (Bons� on et al, 2019;Brubaker & Wilson, 2018;Ji et al, 2019;Kim & Yang, 2017;Lee & Xu, 2018;Xu & Zhang, 2018;Yue et al, 2019), some have also confirmed the positive effect of plain text. For example, Lee and Xu (2018) analyzed 1575 tweets from the official Twitter accounts of Donald Trump and Bill Clinton during the 2016 US president election.…”