Lethal and sublethal effects of oil, chemical dispersant, and dispersed oil on the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Peiffer, Ryan F.; Cohen, Jonathan H.

doi:10.3354/ab00625

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…For an insensitive species, toxic units are below 1 at the highest loading evaluated, indicating that a 50% lethal response would not be obtained for this oil (e.g., LL50 >1000 mg/L). Recent studies using a variable loading test design reported acute 48‐h LL50s for Macondo oil based on WAF/chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF) test exposures using a marine copepod ( Labidocera aestiva ) in the range of 3.3 to 5.0 mg/L and the comb jelly ( Mnemiopsis leidyi ) in the range of 6.7 to 29.5 mg/L (Cohen et al ; Peiffer and Cohen ). These measured acute toxicity data are within the predicted range expected from Figure for moderately sensitive species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive dosing yields dissolved aqueous exposures of crude oil comparable to the CROSERF (Chemical Response to Oil Spill: Ecological Effects Research Forum) water accommodated fraction method

Bera

Parkerton

Redman

et al. 2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The Chemical Response to Oil Spill: Ecological Effects Research Forum's water accommodated fraction procedure was compared with 2 alternative techniques in which crude oil was passively dosed from silicone tubing or O-rings. Fresh Macondo oil (MC252) was dosed at 30 mg/L using each approach to investigate oil dissolution kinetics, which was monitored by fluorometry as estimated oil equivalents (EOEs). Subsequent experiments with each dosing method were then conducted at multiple oil loadings. Following equilibration, test media were analytically characterized for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and dissolved oil using biomimetic solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The results showed that equilibrium was achieved within 72 h for all methods. Measured PAH concentrations were compared with oil solubility model predictions of dissolved exposures. The concentration and composition of measured and predicted dissolved PAHs varied with oil loading and were consistent between dosing methods. Two-dimensional GC compositional data for this oil were then used to calculate dissolved toxic units for predicting MC252 oil acute toxicity across the expected range of species sensitivities. Predicted toxic units were nonlinear with loading and correlated to both EOE and biomimetic SPME. Passive dosing methods provide a practical strategy to deliver and maintain dissolved oil concentrations while avoiding the complicating role that droplets can introduce in exposure characterization and test interpretation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2810-2819. © 2018 SETAC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive dosing yields dissolved aqueous exposures of crude oil comparable to the CROSERF (Chemical Response to Oil Spill: Ecological Effects Research Forum) water accommodated fraction method

Bera

Parkerton

Redman

et al. 2018

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Regarding vulnerability to toxins, we do know that both crude oil and dispersants can have deleterious effects on crustaceans. both lethal and sublethal, including altered reproduction, respiration rates, growth, feeding and locomotion (Almeda et al, 2013a;Peiffer and Cohen, 2015). One study that tested the effects of crude oil (specifically, 1-methylnaphthalene) on deep-sea crustaceans showed a higher sensitivity than that expressed in coastal species (Knap et al, 2017).…”

Section: Deep-pelagic Macrocrustaceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Open-Ocean Gulf of Mexico After Deepwater Horizon: Synthesis of a Decade of Research

et al. 2022

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The scale of the Deepwater Horizon disaster was and is unprecedented: geographic extent, pollutant amount, countermeasure scope, and of most relevance to this Research Topic issue, range of ecotypes affected. These ecotypes include coastal/nearshore, continental shelf, deep benthic, and open-ocean domains, the last of which is the subject of this synthesis. The open-ocean ecotype comprises ~90% of the volume of the Gulf of Mexico. The exact percentage of this ecotype contaminated with toxins is unknown due to its three-dimensional nature and dynamics, but estimates suggest that the footprint encompassed most of its eastern half. Further, interactions between the water column and the deep benthos may be persistent, making this synthesis one of time (a decade) rather than event conclusion. Here we examine key elements of the open-ocean ecosystem, with emphasis on vulnerability and resilience. Of paramount importance relative to the Gulf nearshore and shelf ecotypes, pre-disaster baseline data were lacking for most of the fauna. In such cases, inferences were drawn from post-disaster assessments. Both phytoplankton and mesozooplankton vulnerabilities were quite high, but resilience appeared equally so. The phytoplankton situation was a bit more complex in that toxin-imposed reductions may have been offset by nutrient injection via high freshwater discharge in 2010. Intermediate trophic levels exhibited population-level depressions, ostensibly due to high vulnerability and low resilience. Apex predator impacts were variable. Certain large epipelagic fishes may have avoided the highest concentrations of hydrocarbons/dispersant, and thus larval abundances returned to pre-disaster levels of variability and abundance within a few years after a steep initial decline. Oceanic cetaceans, particularly shallow-diving stenellid dolphins, did not appear to avoid oiled waters and exhibited strong declines in the northern Gulf. Given that population declines of many open-ocean taxa appear to be ongoing a decade later, we conclude that this largest of Gulf ecosystem components, like its deep-benthic counterpart, is as fragile as it is voluminous. This is particularly concerning given the rapid, and likely irreversible, shift to deeper waters by the US and Mexican oil industries in concert with the higher likelihood of accidents with increasing platform depth.

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“…Bioaccumulation of PAHs documented in the mesoplankton community increased by 35%. The conclusion was that oil spills negatively impact mesozooplankton (Almeda et al, 2014a) and also ctenophores (Peiffer and Cohen, 2015), and this effect increases with the use of chemical dispersants and coincident exposure to UV radiation.…”

Section: Monitoring Toxicological Impacts In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Petroleum, Petroleum Components, and Dispersants on Organisms and Populations

Murawski

Grosell

Smith

et al. 2021

Oceanog

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Following the Deepwater Horizon blowout, oil, degraded oil, oil mixed with dispersants, and management responses to the spill affected a variety of Gulf of Mexico organisms. This review provides examples of various documented impacts, common patterns, and trends across organisms and/or their environments, and discusses future implications as well as directions for future research. Organism effects are generally characterized as lethal and sublethal. Sublethal can be short term, long term, or permanent and multigenerational. We present individual examples of effects on behavioral response, olfaction, vision, cardiac function, and gene shift, based on research done in laboratories, mesocosm settings, and the field. Future research should emphasize collection and analysis of routine toxicological baselines and examine how and if molecular impacts cascade up to populations. This research will require development of rapid molecular tools and testing procedures to determine exposure compared to field-relevant exposure levels and to be able to extrapolate laboratory results to the field, especially given the mosaic of differing contaminant concentrations (below, at, or exceeding critical concentrations that result in lethal or sublethal effects) occurring in the environment. Recent chemical studies have identified a detectable suite of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites for which there are no toxicity data; further research is needed to determine their impacts on food webs.

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Lethal and sublethal effects of oil, chemical dispersant, and dispersed oil on the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Cited by 10 publications

References 78 publications

Passive dosing yields dissolved aqueous exposures of crude oil comparable to the CROSERF (Chemical Response to Oil Spill: Ecological Effects Research Forum) water accommodated fraction method

Passive dosing yields dissolved aqueous exposures of crude oil comparable to the CROSERF (Chemical Response to Oil Spill: Ecological Effects Research Forum) water accommodated fraction method

The Open-Ocean Gulf of Mexico After Deepwater Horizon: Synthesis of a Decade of Research

Impacts of Petroleum, Petroleum Components, and Dispersants on Organisms and Populations

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