Lethal Body Residues for Pentachlorophenol in Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) under Varying Conditions of Temperature and pH

Fisher, Susan W.; Hwang, Haejo; Atanasoff, M.; Landrum, Peter F.

doi:10.1006/eesa.1999.1789

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Differences in the environmental temperature may affect uptake, elimination and detoxification rates because they can induce changes in metabolic, locomotory and feeding activity of organisms (Cairns et al 1975, Donker et al 1998, Fisher et al 1999, Smit and VanGestel 1997. Heugens and co-workers (2003) assessed the effects of temperature on cadmium toxicity to D. magna and possible temperature-dependent toxicity processes, obtaining a 48-h LC 50 for temperature of about 30-31°C, which is similar to the value reported in this study (30.7°C).…”

Section: Values Of Standard Errors In Bracketsmentioning

confidence: 56%

The influence of natural stressors on the toxicity of nickel to Daphnia magna

Ferreira

Serra

Soares

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Global warming has become a source of awareness regarding the potential deleterious effects of extreme abiotic factors (e.g., temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels) and also their influence on chemicals toxicity. In this work, we studied the combined effects of nickel and temperature (low and high levels) and nickel and low levels of DO to Daphnia magna, and concentration addition and independent action concepts as well as their deviations for synergism/antagonism, dose ratio and dose level dependency, were applied to survival and feeding rate data. Nickel single exposure showed an LC(50) value for 48 h of 7.36 mg l(-1) and an EC(50) value for feeding impairment at 2.41 mg l(-1). In the acute exposures to high and low temperatures, 50% of mortality was observed, respectively, at 30.7 degrees C and 4.2 degrees C whereas 50% reduction on the feeding activity was recorded at 22.6 degrees C and 16.0 degrees C. Relatively to low DO levels, a LC(50) value for 48 h of 0.5 mg l(-1) was obtained; feeding activity EC(50) value was 2 mg l(-1). On acute combined experiments, antagonism was observed for the combination of nickel and extreme temperatures, whereas a synergistic behaviour was observed in the combined exposure of nickel and low DO levels. At sublethal levels, nickel showed to be the main inducer of toxicity at high and low temperatures but not at low levels of dissolved oxygen. Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics modelling studies should be made in the future to understand the toxicological pathways involved on complex combinations of stressors and to validate any conclusions.

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Section: Values Of Standard Errors In Bracketsmentioning

confidence: 56%

The influence of natural stressors on the toxicity of nickel to Daphnia magna

Ferreira

Serra

Soares

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…and its relationship to an entropy gain that dominated the transfer process from water to algae, and found it to be similar to what was observed in fish. A slight increase in the BCF for pentachlorophenol (32) was reported in zebra mussel when temperatures were higher; however, BCF changes for dieldrin (22), lindane (30), and pentachlorophenol (32) were insignificant in other mussels (Boryslawskyj et al 1988;Ernst 1979;Fisher et al 1999). Therefore, the temperature effect on BCF appears to be less important for bivalva.…”

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The pK a value of pentachlorophenol (32) is approximately 5, and the dissociated chemical species predominates under ambient environmental conditions. Therefore, bioconcentration is generally independent of the pH of the medium, as has been observed for bioconcentration in zebra mussels (Fisher et al 1999). In contrast, the bioconcentration of ioxynil (145) in the green alga (Ankistrodesmus sp.…”

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Metabolism of Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Katagi

2009

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

137

102

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The ecotoxicological assessment of pesticide effects in the aquatic environment should normally be based on a deep knowledge of not only the concentration of pesticides and metabolites found but also on the influence of key abiotic and biotic processes that effect rates of dissipation. Although the bioconcentration and bioaccumulation potentials of pesticides in aquatic organisms are conveniently estimated from their hydrophobicity (represented by log K(ow), it is still indispensable to factor in the effects of key abiotic and biotic processes on such pesticides to gain a more precise understanding of how they may have in the natural environment. Relying only on pesticide hydrophobicity may produce an erroneous environmental impact assessment. Several factors affect rates of pesticide dissipation and accumulation in the aquatic environment. Such factors include the amount and type of sediment present in the water and type of diet available to water-dwelling organisms. The particular physiological behavior profiles of aquatic organisms in water, such as capacity for uptake, metabolism, and elimination, are also compelling factors, as is the chemistry of the water. When evaluating pesticide uptake and bioconcentration processes, it is important to know the amount and nature of bottom sediments present and the propensity that the stuffed aquatic organisms have to absorb and process xenobiotics. Extremely hydrophobic pesticides such as the organochlorines and pyrethroids are susceptible to adsorb strongly to dissolved organic matter associated with bottom sediment. Such absorption reduces the bioavailable fraction of pesticide dissolved in the water column and reduces the probable ecotoxicological impact on aquatic organisms living the water. In contrast, sediment dweller may suffer from higher levels of direct exposure to a pesticide, unless it is rapidly degraded in sediment. Metabolism is important to bioconcentration and bioaccumulation processes, as is detoxification and bioactivation. Hydrophobic pesticides that are expected to be highly stored in tissues would not be bioconcentrated if susceptible to biotic transformation by aquatic organisms to more rapidly metabolized to hydrophilic entities are generally less toxic. By analogy, pesticides that are metabolized to similar entities by aquatic species surely are les ecotoxicologically significant. One feature of fish and other aquatic species that makes them more relevant as targets of environmental studies and of regulation is that they may not only become contaminated by pesticides or other chemicals, but that they constitute and important part of the human diet. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the enzymes that are capable of metabolizing or otherwise assisting in the removal of xenobiotics from aquatic species. Many studies have been performed on the enzymes that are responsible for metabolizing xenobiotics. In addition to the use of conventional biochemical methods, such studies on enzymes are increasingly being conducted using immunochemical met...

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“…These researchers were able to ascertain that the heightened acute toxicological response at the higher pH was likely due to a greater bioconcentration factor at increased pH, as rates varied markedly over the pH gradient. Fisher et al [30] exposed zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) to PCP and observed significantly different uptake rates at various pHs and temperatures that ranged from 0.33 to 2,133 L/kg/d and noted that lethal body residues varied at different pHs and temperature levels, as respective values for pHs 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5 were 69, 245, and 782 mmol/kg at 25uC and 863, 1,351, and 6,253 mmol/kg at 17uC. Again, these results suggest that the neutral, un-ionized moiety is more lipophilic and that uptake by organisms is favored when this form is more prevalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic toxicity of sertraline to Pimephales promelas at environmentally relevant surface water pH

Valenti

Perez‐Hurtado

Chambliss

et al. 2009

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

134

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Abstract-Researchers recognize that ionization state may influence the biological activity of weak acids and bases. Dissociation in aqueous solutions is controlled by the pK a of a compound and the pH of the matrix. Because many pharmaceuticals are implicitly designed as ionizable compounds, site-specific variability in pH of receiving waters may introduce uncertainty to ecological risk assessments. The present study employed 48-h and 7-d toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas exposed to the model weak base pharmaceutical sertraline over a gradient of environmentally relevant surface water pHs. The 48-h experiments were completed in triplicate, and the average lethal concentration values were 647, 205, and 72 mg/L sertraline at pH 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5, respectively. Survivorship, growth, and feeding rate (a nontraditional endpoint linked by other researchers to sertraline's specific mode of action) were monitored during the 7-d experiment. Adverse effects were more pronounced when individuals were exposed to sertraline at pH 8.5 compared to pH 7.5 and 6.5. The pH-dependent toxicological relationships from these studies were related to in-stream pH data for two streams in the Brazos River basin of central Texas, USA. This predictive approach was taken because of the scarcity of environmental analytical data for sertraline. The results of this study emphasized temporal variability associated with in-stream pH linked to seasonal differences within and between these spatially related systems. Relating site-specific pH variability of surface waters to ionization state may allow researchers to reduce uncertainty during ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals by improving estimates of biological effects associated with exposure.

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Lethal Body Residues for Pentachlorophenol in Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) under Varying Conditions of Temperature and pH

Cited by 56 publications

References 24 publications

The influence of natural stressors on the toxicity of nickel to Daphnia magna

The influence of natural stressors on the toxicity of nickel to Daphnia magna

Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Metabolism of Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Aquatic toxicity of sertraline to Pimephales promelas at environmentally relevant surface water pH

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