Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation

Ramchander, Sanjay; Ushakumari, R.; Pillai, M. Arumugam

doi:10.5958/0976-058x.2015.00003.7

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Plant to progeny method was followed to forward individual plants from M 1 to M 2 [ 22 ]. Plants with semi-dwarfism and earliness were primarily selected and forwarded to M 3 [ 23 ]. In M 4 , 159 mutant families were evaluated and 70 were forwarded to M 5 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of efficacy of mutagenesis of gamma-irradiation in plant height and days to maturity through expression analysis in rice

et al. 2021

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Introduction of semi-dwarfism and early maturity in rice cultivars is important to achieve improved plant architecture, lodging resistance and high yield. Gamma rays induced mutations are routinely used to achieve these traits. We report the development of a semi-dwarf, early maturing and high-yielding mutant of rice cultivar ‘Improved White Ponni’, a popular cosmopolitan variety in south India preferred for its superior grain quality traits. Through gamma rays induced mutagenesis, several mutants were developed and subjected to selection up to six generations (M6) until the superior mutants were stabilized. In the M6 generation, significant reduction in days to flowering (up to 11.81% reduction) and plant height (up to 40% reduction) combined with an increase in single plant yield (up to 45.73% increase) was observed in the mutant population. The cooking quality traits viz., linear elongation ratio, breadthwise expansion ratio, gel consistency and gelatinization temperature of the mutants were similar to the parent variety Improved White Ponni. The genetic characterization with SSR markers showed variability between the semi-dwarf-early mutants and the Improved White Ponni. Gibberellin responsiveness study and quantitative real-time PCR showed a faulty gibberellin pathway and epistatic control between the genes such as OsKOL4 and OsBRD2 causing semi-dwarfism in a mutant. These mutants have potential as new rice varieties and can be used as new sources of semi-dwarfism and earliness for improving high grain quality rice varieties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of efficacy of mutagenesis of gamma-irradiation in plant height and days to maturity through expression analysis in rice

et al. 2021

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“…The variation in LD50 for the Super basmati rice variety at different EMS percent concentrations has been observed in mutation studies, and it is thought to be due to the biological material, its scale, maturity, hardness, and moisture content at the time of exposure of breeding material [39]. There is proof that the radiation-induced sterility of M1 panicles is passed on to subsequent generations [40].…”

Section: Findings In Blackgram Jebaraj Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) on Seedling and Yield Contributing Traits in Basmati Rice

Rashid¹,

Shamshad²,

L³

2021

Preprint

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Increasing genetic diversity in crop plants has been used for chemical mutagenesis. Through the application of various mutagenic agents, over 430 new varieties have been derived as rice mutants (Oryza sativa L.) Chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), diepoxybutane derivative (DEB), sodium azide, and gamma ray, x-ray, and quick neutron irradiation have been commonly used to induce a large number of functional variations in rice and others crops. Among chemical mutagens, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is the alkylating agent most widely used in plants because it induces nucleotide substitutions to be extremely frequent, as detected in various genomes. In this study, seeds of potential genotype of the popular variety, (Oryza sativa L. Super Basmati variety) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.5%. Various measurements on the M1 generation determined EMS sensitivity. As concentration of applied EMS increased, will decrease in germination, shoot length, root length, plant height, productive tillers, Panicle Length, Total Spikelet, sterile spikelet and fertility under field conditions were observed in M1 generation as compared to the non-treatment control. Emergence, shoot length, root length, plant height, productive tillers, Panicle Length, Total Spikelet, sterile spikelet and fertility also decreased with increases in EMS mutagenesis in an approximately linear fashion. The LD50 values were observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after EMS treatment with 0.25% and 0.50% on the rice variety (Oryza sativa L. spp.).

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“…In general, the genotypic lethality has been demonstrated to be more in SA treatments followed by gamma rays treatments, particularly in higher treatments/doses in both the varieties. Such a dose dependent reduction in seed germination has also been recorded in various crops Ramchander et al (2015) in rice, Laskar et al (2017) in lentil and Raina et al (2018) in cowpea.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Evaluation of Optimal Doses for Gamma Rays and Sodium Azide in Linseed Genotypes

Jahan

Malik

Ansari

et al. 2020

ASD

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Background: Linseed is one of the most important medicinal plants grown for its various health benefits. The seeds of linseed contain a good and essential fatty acid profile that is omega-3 fatty acid/Alpha linolenic acid. It helps in the prevention of various disease including inflammation, cardiovascular problems, cancer, diabetes etc. Induced mutagenesis is an easy and cost effective technique to induce desired genetic variability, which either does not occur naturally or is not accessible to plant breeders. Genetic variability is enhanced by the influence of various chemical or physical mutagens. The usefulness of any mutagen relies not only on its efficiency but also on its effectiveness. Methods: Dry and healthy seeds of linseed (var. Padmini and IC0096650) were treated with different doses of gamma rays and sodium azide. The experiment was conducted during Rabi season of November 2016-March 2017. The selection of optimum doses of mutagens through the determination of LD50 values has been calculated on the basis of the seed germination as well as plant survival. Result: The present investigation reveals genotypic response of two linseed varieties towards different doses of gamma rays and sodium azide. Variety IC0096650 exhibited higher degree of sensitivity than variety Padmini with respect to the mutagens used. Results showed that 200Gy dose of gamma rays and 0.4% dose of sodium azide was the maximum non-lethal strength of the respective mutagen for the induction of the mutation in linseed genotypes.

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Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of efficacy of mutagenesis of gamma-irradiation in plant height and days to maturity through expression analysis in rice

Assessment of efficacy of mutagenesis of gamma-irradiation in plant height and days to maturity through expression analysis in rice

Effects of Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) on Seedling and Yield Contributing Traits in Basmati Rice

Evaluation of Optimal Doses for Gamma Rays and Sodium Azide in Linseed Genotypes

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