Lethal Influence Factors of Natural and Preformed Fragmentation Projectiles

Zecevic, B.; Terzic, Jasmin; Razic, Faruk; Serdarevic-Kadic, Sabina

doi:10.2507/daaam.scibook.2015.20

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The path of a fragment moving while being affected by drag and gravitational force can be predicted using the point mass trajectory model based on the Lord Rayleigh's drag equation [5,9,40]:…”

Section: Trajectory Model Of the Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, C D is the drag coefficient, which as a rule is affected by the Mach number. Still, C D = 0.6 is the result of the most common simplification applied in this study, which assumes a constant drag coefficient [5]. A few mathematical operations are carried out in order to build a solution for the system of differential equations; in Eq.…”

Section: Trajectory Model Of the Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conducting experiments and collecting the information necessary for the flight of fragments, such as fragment mass, dimensions, velocities, accelerations, and direction vectors, are resource-and labor-intensive [2][3][4]. Statistical models can be used in limited situations based on specific experiments and may not be appropriate for a specific case [5]. Djelosevic and Tepic introduced the probabilistic mass method [6], Ahmed et al utilized the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach [3], and Ugrčić adapted the stochastic failure theory [7] fragmentation analysis of metallic objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of flight of the fragments with higher order Haar wavelet method

Kivistik,

Mehrparvar,

Eerme

et al. 2024

PEAS

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Fragments that have an irregular shape and move at high speeds are difficult to assess since experiments require high-tech solutions, and the differential equations that describe the motion cannot be solved analytically. Different numerical and function approximation methods are used to find the trajectory model. This work uses a state-of-the-art, higher order Haar wavelet method to approximate the trajectory model with empirically determined drag force. The initial conditions of the flight of the fragments are determined by the finite element method. The results obtained by utilizing the Haar wavelet method and the higher order Haar wavelet method are compared. The higher order Haar wavelet method outperforms the Haar wavelet method but allows for keeping the implementation complexity of the method in the same range. Utilizing the higher order Haar wavelet method leads to a reduction in the computational cost since the same accuracy with the Haar wavelet method can be achieved with the use of several order lower mesh.

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Section: Trajectory Model Of the Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trajectory Model Of the Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of flight of the fragments with higher order Haar wavelet method

Kivistik,

Mehrparvar,

Eerme

et al. 2024

PEAS

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“…Fragments generated by shelled charge explosions exhibit certain attributes, namely, rapid speed, minute size, large quantity and high destructive force. To forecast uncontrolled warhead detonations and aid in the design of controlled warheads, it is imperative to research the fracture laws and scattering characteristics of shells [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

Ou¹,

Yuan²,

Jiao³

et al. 2023

Materials

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The scattering of fragments is a notable characteristic of the explosive detonation of a shelled charge. This study examines the fracture and fragmentation of the shell and the process by which natural fragments form under the strains of implosion. The analysis takes into account both the explosive’s energy output and the casing’s dynamic response. For this purpose, utilizing a thermochemical code as an alternative to the conventionally employed cylinder test, the Jones–Wilkins–Lee equation of state (JWL EOS) was calibrated within a range of relative specific volume up to 13. The detonation of the shelled charge was subsequently analyzed using the continuum–discontinuum element method (CDEM). Following this, the formation mechanisms and scattering characteristics of natural fragments were scrutinized. The analysis found that the shell predominantly experiences shear failure with uniform evolution, displaying a “hysteresis effect” and two mutation stages in the evolution of tensile failure. Within the JWL EOS’s calibrated range, the representation of fragment displacement and velocity improved by 47.97% and 5.30%, respectively. This study provides valuable guidance for designing the power field of warheads and assessing their destructive power.

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“…A characteristic distance is the fragments concentration density of one perforation per square meter. This distance is named warhead efficiency radius, which means that warhead with greater lethal zone has corresponding greater efficiency radius [17,18]. …”

Section: Arena Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Studies on Improved Plastic Bonded Explosives Materials (PBXs) for Controlled Fragmentation Warheads

2016

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This paper describes formulations of plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) based on three highly brisant explosives, namely 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) and pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN) with polyurethane (PU) based on Glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) as an energetic binder in comparison with composition-B, which used in the fragmentation warheads. The sensitivity and performance properties of different types of PBXs were evaluated by experimental results of prepared selected PBX compositions. Casting technique was used to prepare the selected compositions containing 14% PU based on GAP. It has been observed that the brisance of the PBX based on HMX was higher than that of comp-B by 21.3 %, the detonation velocity showed a remarkable increase of the order of 8480 (m/s) while that of comp-B was 7638 (m/s). A controlled fragmentation warhead with an outer grooving warhead case of dimensions 100x35x4 mm was used and arena test was carried out to determine the lethal zone of the fragmentation warhead. The lethal zone obtained from arena test for PBX composition based on HMX named PBXHG4 was higher than that based on RDX or PETN, and than that of comp-B by 40%.

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Lethal Influence Factors of Natural and Preformed Fragmentation Projectiles

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamics of flight of the fragments with higher order Haar wavelet method

Dynamics of flight of the fragments with higher order Haar wavelet method

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

Experimental Studies on Improved Plastic Bonded Explosives Materials (PBXs) for Controlled Fragmentation Warheads

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