Lethal photosensitization of bacteria in subgingival plaque from patients with chronic periodontitis

Sarkar, S.; Wilson, Michael

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb01070.x

Cited by 132 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…5,8,13,16,17,22 However, similar studies demonstrated that the reduction of S. mutans in carious dentin was less than that seen in suspension, and was also less than that attained in a collagen matrix. In that study, it was concluded that the time of contact between the bacteria and TBO was a critical factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Antimicrobial Photodynamic Action on Dentin Using a Light-Emitting Diode Light Source

Giusti

Pinto

Pizzolito

et al. 2008

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The aim of this study was the evaluation of two different photosensitizers activated by red light emitted by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the decontamination of carious bovine dentin. Materials and Methods: Fifteen bovine incisors were used to obtain dentin samples which were immersed in brain-heart infusion culture medium supplemented with 1% glucose, 2% sucrose, and 1% young primary culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus 10 8 CFU/mL and Streptococcus mutans 10 8 CFU/mL for caries induction. Three different concentrations of the Photogem solution, a hematoporphyrin derivative (1, 2, and 3 mg/mL) and two different concentrations of toluidine blue O (TBO), a basic dye (0.025 and 0.1 mg/mL) were used. To activate the photosensitizers two different light exposure times were used: 60 sec and 120 sec, corresponding respectively to the doses of 24 J/cm 2 and 48 J/cm 2 . Results: After counting the numbers of CFU per milligram of carious dentin, we observed that the use of LED energy in association with Photogem or TBO was effective for bacterial reduction in carious dentin, and that the greatest effect on S. mutans and L. acidophilus was obtained with TBO at 0.1 mg/mL and a dose of 48 J/cm 2 . It was also observed that the overall toxicity of TBO was higher than that of Photogem, and that the phototoxicity of TBO was higher than that of Photogem. Conclusion: Based on our data we propose a mathematical model for the photodynamic effect when different photosensitizer concentrations and light doses are used.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[14][15][16][17][18] However, the use of LED-based light sources to activate photosensitizers for use against oral microorganisms is a recent development. Study of their use is important to promote the clinical use of LEDs instead of lasers for therapeutic applications in dentistry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Action on Dentin Using a Light-Emitting Diode Light Source

Giusti

Pinto

Pizzolito

et al. 2008

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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“…The susceptibilities of both gram-positive and gram-negative oral bacteria to cyanine photosensitizers have been demonstrated (24). Cyanine photosensitizers have also been observed to have activity against oral streptococci present in plaque samples (15,26) and in a biofilm (25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Photoactive Porphyrin Derivative with Broad-Spectrum Activity against Oral Pathogens In Vitro

Rovaldi¹,

Pievsky²,

Solé³

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

108

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has historically been used as a means to treat cancerous tumors but has recently been used to kill bacterial cells through the use of targeted photosensitizers. PDT is a potential adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontal disease. However, the effectiveness of porphyrin derivatives against microorganisms has been limited because some gram-negative bacteria are refractory to photodynamic treatment with these agents. We have designed a porphyrin derivative conjugated to a pentalysine moeity that endows the molecule with activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Whereas the porphyrin, chlorin e6, showed in vitro activity against a limited spectrum of bacteria, chlorin e6 conjugated to pentalysine showed in vitro activity against all oral microorganisms tested, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, Actinomyces viscosus, and the streptococci. Potent antimicrobial activity (>5-log-unit reduction in the numbers of CFU per milliliter) was retained in the presence of up to 25% whole sheep blood. The use of potent, selective agents such as this chlorin e6-pentalysine conjugate to more effectively reduce the pathogenic bacteria in the

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“…23 Earlier studies illustrate that antimicrobial PDT has been effective in reducing the prevalence of pathogens on implant surfaces without any side effects on implants or surrounding bone and tissues. 24,25 However, there are very limited clinical studies and clinical effects of PDT have not yet been demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge, until now no investigation from randomized controlled clinical studies are available that determine the clinical effects of PDT in the treatment of peri-implant diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunctive to Mechanical Debridement in the Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Karimi¹,

Hasani²,

Khosroshahian

2016

J Lasers Med Sci

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Introduction:The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) after closed surface scaling in the treatment of peri-implant diseases. Methods: Ten patients with a total of 15 pairs of dental implants, showing clinical and radiographic signs of peri-implant diseases, were included in this study. In each patient, one implant randomly served as control implant and the other served as test implant. The control implants were treated with closed surface scaling only and the test implants received additionally PDT, using light with a wavelength of 630 nm and intensity of 2000 mw/cm 2 for 120 seconds after application of photosensitizer in peri-implant sulcus. Clinical parameters were evaluated before and 1.5 and 3 months after treatment. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences in probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival index (GI) at each time point between the two groups. There were no statistically significant changes with respect to any of the parameters in the control group. Complete resolution of BOP at 3 months was achieved in 100% of test implants. At 1.5 and 3 months, there were significant differences in the mean probing depth and CAL gain measurements at implants in the test group. Conclusion: The present study revealed that adjunctive use of PDT following closed surface scaling could lead to clinical improvement of peri-implant diseases. Further studies are necessary to confirm our results. Keywords: clinical trial; dental implant; mechanical debridement; peri-implantitis; photodynamic therapy Please cite this article as follows: Karimi MR, Hasani A, Khosroshahian S. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive to mechanical debridement in the treatment of peri-implant diseases: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

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Lethal photosensitization of bacteria in subgingival plaque from patients with chronic periodontitis

Cited by 132 publications

References 12 publications

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Action on Dentin Using a Light-Emitting Diode Light Source

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Action on Dentin Using a Light-Emitting Diode Light Source

Photoactive Porphyrin Derivative with Broad-Spectrum Activity against Oral Pathogens In Vitro

Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunctive to Mechanical Debridement in the Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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