T his paper comments on some recent publications concerning 'liburnians' and other ancient warships, which the author considers misleading. Most of the passages considered here have to do with the number embodied in the name of an ancient warship or used in its description-did it indicate the number of files of oarsmen in that type of ship, or the number on each side. It makes a great difference in the case of triremes of the Classical era. Were they sizeable ships with six files of oarsmen at three different levels, or smaller, lighter and faster craft with only three files of oarsmen, perhaps the arrangement shown on the Athenian 'Siren Vase' (Tilley, 2007: figs 3-4) or perhaps in some other way.
LiburniansRoman vessels called liburnae were described in the 5th-century-AD Epitoma Rei Militaris by Flavius Vegetius (4.37) as follows:Quod ad magnitudinem pertinet, minimae liburnae remorum habent singulos ordines, paulo maiores binos, idoneae mensurae ternos uel quaternos interdum quinos sortiuntur remigio gradus.Adler gives what seems to be a literal translation: So far as size is concerned, the smallest warships have one rank of oars at a side, those slightly bigger two ranks, those of appropriate dimensions, three, four, sometimes five ranks for their oarage (2010: 72).