Leucine Requirement of the Lactating Sow

Rousselow, D. L.; Speer, V. C.; Haught, Dorrance Galen

doi:10.2527/jas1979.492498x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Although overall milk yield and pig weight gain were less in this experiment than in the above trials, they were consistent with the most recent trials from this station (Woerman and Speer, 1976;Meisinger and Speer, 1979;Rousselow et al, 1979), and the increase in production would suggest an improvement in amino acid composition as in the above reports, as in the above reports. The lack of response in sow weight change to varying dietary amino acid intake has been a consistent finding (Lewis and Speer, 1973, 1974bHaught and Speer, 1977;Chen et al, 1978;Rousselow et al, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We are not aware of experiments conducted to determine the valine requirement for the lactating sow. Multiple parameter determination and measurements (Lewis and Speer, 1975a) were used to determine the lactating sow requirement for lysine (Lewis and Speer, 1973), tryptophan (Lewis and Speer, 1974b), threonine (Lewis and Speer, 1975b), isoleucine (Haught and Speer, 1977) and leucine (Rousselow et al, 1979). Similarly, this approach was used to experimen tally determine the lactating sow's valine requirement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leucine and valine requirements of the lactating sow

Rousselow

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine and valine requirements of the lactating sow

Rousselow

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“…the closer the amino acid pattern of the dietary protein matches with the ‘Ideal protein’, as described by Wang and Fuller (1990) for growing pigs, the fewer amino acids are deaminated and the lower is the urea concentration in the blood (Eggum, 1970; Malmlöf and Askbrant, 1988). Therefore, several authors used the concentration of urea in blood and/or milk to estimate the requirement for amino acids (Rousselow et al., 1979; Kirchgessner et al., 1993; Paulicks et al., 1998). Using a quadratic regression model, the requirement was considered to be the amount of amino acid that was associated with the lowest urea content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the tryptophan requirement of lactating sows. Part 2: Estimation of the tryptophan requirement by physiological criteria

Pampuch

Paulicks

Roth‐Maier

2006

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Mature sows were fed for a total of 72 lactations with diets which provided an adequate supply of energy and nutrients except for tryptophan (Trp). By supplementing a basal diet [native 1.2 g Trp/kg, equivalent to 0.8 g apparent ileal digestible (AID) Trp or 0.9 g true ileal digestible (TID) Trp] with L-Trp, five further diets (2-6) containing 1.5-4.2 g Trp/kg were formulated. The dietary Trp content had no effect on amino acid contents in milk on days 20 and 21 of lactation, but Trp in blood plasma on day 28 of lactation reflected the alimentary Trp supply with an increase from 2.74 +/- 1.14 mg/l (diet 1) to 23.91 +/- 7.53 mg/l (diet 6; p < 0.001). There were no directional differences between the diets with regard to the other amino acids. Concentrations of urea in milk and blood were higher with diet 1 (211 and 272 mg/l, respectively) than with diets 3-6 (183 and 227 mg/l, respectively). Serotonin levels in the blood serum were lower with diet 1 (304 ng/ml) than the average of diets 4-6 (540 ng/ml). This study confirms previously given recommendations for the Trp content in the diet of lactating sows, estimated by means of performance, of 1.9 g AID Trp (equivalent to 2.0 g TID Trp; approximately 2.6 g gross Trp) per kg diet.

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“…The concentration of urea, a degradation product of amino acids, increases with excessive protein or amino acid supply ( Revell et al., 1998a,b). Therefore, several investigators have used the urea content of blood or milk to determine amino acid requirements ( Rousselow et al., 1979; Rousselow and Speer , 1980; Kirchgessner et al., 1993, 1998; Paulicks et al., 1998), defining the requirement as the lowest urea value with increasing amino acid supplementation. In the present experiment the data did not show the classic quadratic course, probably as a result of the impaired feed intake particularly in treatment 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the level of dietary valine supply on amino acids and urea concentration in milk and blood plasma of lactating sows

Roth‐Maier¹,

Ott²,

Roth

et al. 2004

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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In order to determine the valine (Val) requirement, suckling sows with 10-12 piglets were supplied with feed mixtures, which contained various levels of Val derived by adding crystalline L-Val to the native diet (0.45% = native, 0.55, 0.65, 0.85, 1.05 and 1.45%) during a total of 72 lactations. Milk and blood plasma, taken after 3 weeks of lactation, was examined on the concentration of amino acids (total amino acids in milk, free amino acids in plasma) and urea by ion exchange chromatography or autoanalyzer, respectively. The contents of almost all amino acids in milk were significantly higher compared with the native diet, when Val was supplemented, reflecting increasing milk protein concentrations. Highest amino acid concentrations were observed with 0.85% dietary Val. Amino acid pattern in milk was not affected by the Val supply. In blood plasma the concentration of free Val rose with the dietary Val from 9 mg/l (0.45% dietary Val) to 132 mg/l (1.45% dietary Val). Several other amino acid contents were also higher when Val was added to the native diet, but there was no dose-response. Urea concentrations in milk and blood plasma were lowest with 0.65% and 0.85% dietary Val, respectively. Conclusively, for sows nursing litters with 10-12 piglets a dietary valine supply of 0.85% (0.75% apparent ileal digestible Val) can be recommended with a minimum requirement of 0.65% (0.55% apparent ileal digestible Val).

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Leucine Requirement of the Lactating Sow

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Leucine and valine requirements of the lactating sow

Leucine and valine requirements of the lactating sow

Studies on the tryptophan requirement of lactating sows. Part 2: Estimation of the tryptophan requirement by physiological criteria

Effects of the level of dietary valine supply on amino acids and urea concentration in milk and blood plasma of lactating sows

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