Leucocytes and leucopoietic capacity in goldfish, Carassius auratus, exposed to sublethal levels of cadmium

Murad, Ajmal; Houston, A. H.

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(88)90039-2

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported for the spleen weight in the mouse model (115,116). At the cellular level, a decrease in the white blood cell counts and lymphocyte counts were observed in the gold fish (Carassius auratus) following a whole body exposure to CdCl2 at concentrations ranging from 90 to 445 pg/l of water for periods of 3 and 6 weeks (117). No such changes were reported in rainbow trout following a 12-week whole-body exposure to low CdCl2 concentrations (0.7-6 pg/l of water) (118).…”

Section: Experimenal Studies Ofcd In Vivosupporting

confidence: 70%

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

Bernier

Brousseau

Krzystyniak

et al. 1995

Environ Health Perspect

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Heavy metals including mercury, lead, and cadmium are present throughout the ecosystem and are detectable in small amounts in the Great Lakes water and fish. The main route of exposure of humans to these metals is via the ingestion of contaminated food, especially fish. Extensive experimental investigations indicated that heavy metals alter a number of parameters of the host's immune system and lead to increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and allergic manifestations. The existing limited epidemiologic data and data derived from in vitro systems in which human peripheral blood leukocytes were used suggested that the human immune system may also be at increased risk following exposure to these metals. The magnitude of the risk that the presence of such metals in the Great Lakes may pose to the human immune system, and consequently to their health, is not known. In this review, the available data with respect to potential adverse effects of heavy metals on the immune system of humans and experimental animals are discussed, and additional data requirements are suggested. Environ Health Perspect 103(Suppl 9): 23-34 (1995)

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Section: Experimenal Studies Ofcd In Vivosupporting

confidence: 70%

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

Bernier

Brousseau

Krzystyniak

et al. 1995

Environ Health Perspect

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“…For cadmium, it was reported for the branchial epithe lium of Oncorhynchus mvkiss and Oreochromis mosscimbicus mr mr ( Karlsson-Norrgren et al 1985;Pratap and Wendelaar Bonga 1993). This infiltration may partially explain the leucopenia commonly seen in stressed fish (Pickering and Pöttinger 1987), including fish exposed to cadmium (Murad and Houston 1988;Tort and Torres 1988). Infiltration of the epidermis by mast cells and coupling of leucocytes, as were described in this study, were not found under the influence of the other stressors studied, and thus probably represent a specific effect of cadmium.…”

Section: Capillariesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effects of water-borne cadmium on the skin of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Iger

Lock

Meij

et al. 1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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“…The effects of metal also affect the levels of circulating leukocytes, thus altering the blood cell ratios (Dick and Dixon, 1985;Murad and Houston, 1988;Nussey et al, 1995). Since leukocytes, through their elevated phagocytic activity, are important to protect the body against bacterial infection, the alteration of their ratio could have deleterious effects on both specific and cellular immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

Vazzana¹,

Celi²,

Tramati³

et al. 2014

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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a b s t r a c tThe immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10 À 7 M, 10 À 5 M, and 10 À 3 M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmium in all assays performed. A significant reduction in the cells' ability to uptake neutral red and viability by MTT assay was recorded, indicating that both cadmium and copper could change the membrane permeability, inducing cellular apoptosis when the concentration of metals reached 10 À 3 M. The apoptotic effect may also explain the high level of cytotoxicity found when the leukocytes were exposed to higher concentration of metals. These results demonstrated that toxic effect of copper and cadmium affect on the mechanisms of cellmediated immunity reducing the immune defences of the organism.

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Leucocytes and leucopoietic capacity in goldfish, Carassius auratus, exposed to sublethal levels of cadmium

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

Effects of water-borne cadmium on the skin of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

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