Leukemoid Blood Reactions

Hilts, Schuyler V.Lieutenant; Shaw, Christopher C.

doi:10.1056/nejm195309102491102

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is seen in malignancies, drug reactions and bacterial or protozoan infections [7]. Leukemoid reaction simulating acute myeloblastic leukemia is rare but has been reported in cases of disseminated tuberculosis in volving spleen and lymph nodes [8,9] and of drug-induced agranulocytosis [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloblastic Leukemoid Reaction in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Associated with Myelodysplasia

Chen

Chao

et al. 1992

Acta Haematol

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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) has been observed to evolve into myelofibrosis and acute myeloid leukemia. Myeloblastic leukemoid reaction has not been described in PNH. We described a patient with PNH with myelodysplasia and septicemia. The marrow aspirates showed a picture of myeloblastosis which subsided when sepsis was controlled. The myeloblastic leukemoid reaction in our patient related to overwhelming sepsis, splenectomy and overt hemolysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloblastic Leukemoid Reaction in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Associated with Myelodysplasia

Chen

Chao

et al. 1992

Acta Haematol

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“…A leukaemoid reaction is a reactive leucocytosis due to an unusual elevation in the total white blood cell count or the absolute count of one or more white cell lines (Jain 1993). Total white blood cell counts in excess of 50 x lO'/litre can be mistaken for leukaemia; however, counts of this level which comprise morphologically normal cells are usually associated with more benign processes and are called leukaemoid reactions (Hilts andShaw 1953, Lappin andLatimer 1988). Paraneoplastic leukaemoid reactions previously reported in the dog have been associated with marked mature neutrophilia in conjunction with either a left shift (Sharkey and others 1996) or monocytosis (Chinn and others 1985, Lappin and Latimer 1988, Thompson and others 1992.…”

Section: Wscuss10nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical signs associated with both adenomatous polyps and carcinomas are invariably marked (Schaffer andSchiefer 1968, Patnaik andothers 1980). A leukaemoid reaction is defined as a marked leucocytosis usually associated with a marked mature neutrophilia and/or marked increases in other white cell lines (Hilts and Shaw 1953, Lappin and Latimer 1988, Thompson and others 1992, Jain 1993. Leukaemoid reactions are usually distinguished from a leukaemia by the absence of other haematological abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and by assessment of bone marrow (Hilts andShaw 1953, Jain 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A leukaemoid reaction is defined as a marked leucocytosis usually associated with a marked mature neutrophilia and/or marked increases in other white cell lines (Hilts and Shaw 1953, Lappin and Latimer 1988, Thompson and others 1992, Jain 1993. Leukaemoid reactions are usually distinguished from a leukaemia by the absence of other haematological abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and by assessment of bone marrow (Hilts andShaw 1953, Jain 1993). Paraneoplastic leukaemoid reactions have been associated with a variety of neoplasms in animals (Chinn and others 1985, Lappin and Latimer 1988, Madewell and others 1990, Thompson and others 1992, Sharkey and others 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutrophilic leucocytosis in a dog with a rectal turnour

Knottenbelt

Simpson

Chandler

2000

J of Small Animal Practice

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A nine-year-old cocker spaniel was presented with a three-year history of intermittent haematochezia and a palpable rectal mass. Routine haematological examination revealed a marked mature neutrophilia (86.04 x 10(9) neutrophils/litre). A friable mass in the middle portion of the rectum was detected on colonoscopy. Histopathological examination of mucosal pinch biopsies collected from the mass confirmed a diagnosis of adenomatous tubulopapillary polyp. Some evidence of malignant transformation was observed. Palliative treatment with piroxicam suppositories at a dose of 1.4 mg/kg administered rectally every third day was instituted. On re-evaluation, 47 days after starting medical therapy, the owner reported a significant reduction in haematochezia and tenesmus; however, frequency of defecation had remained unaltered. Routine haematology revealed a reduction in the mature neutrophil count (33.67 x 10(9) neutrophils/litre). This report describes a case of a rectal tumour associated with a neutrophilic leucocytosis, which responded to palliative therapy with piroxicam suppositories.

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“…Thereafter, many other articles were published, focusing on prematures 2–7. A leukemoid reaction is defined as the presence of hyperleucocytosis with >2% of immature precursor cells (myeloblasts, promyelocytes and myelocytes) in the differential of the white blood cell count, similar to that occurring in leukaemia but because of other causes 8. Various cut-off values for the number of leucocytes are used, ranging from >30×10 9 to >50×10 9 /l.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme hyperleucocytosis of the premature

et al. 2013

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Physiological leucocytosis is common in neonates. Leukemoid reaction is defined as a variable degree of leucocytosis with immature precursors, similar to that occurring in leukaemia but because of other causes. Leukemoid reactions are well-recognised in the neonatal intensive care unit population and are associated with antenatal corticosteroids, Down's syndrome, chorioamnionitis, funisitis and perinatal infections. However, extreme hyperleucocytosis, exceeding a white blood cell count of 100×109/l is rare. In the 7-year period from 2005 to 2012 three premature infants in our hospital presented with extreme hyperleucocytosis. Since there were no signs of neonatal leukaemia, transient myeloid disorder or leucocyte adhesion defect, a leukemoid reaction owing to antenatal corticosteroids, chorioamnionitis and funisitis was diagnosed. No obvious complications of hyperleucocytosis were observed. Therapy was not necessary and the leucocytes normalised spontaneously. In our small case series, extreme hyperleucocytosis in prematures occurred in the absence of leukaemia and had a mild course.

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Leukemoid Blood Reactions

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Myeloblastic Leukemoid Reaction in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Associated with Myelodysplasia

Myeloblastic Leukemoid Reaction in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Associated with Myelodysplasia

Neutrophilic leucocytosis in a dog with a rectal turnour

Extreme hyperleucocytosis of the premature

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