Leukocyte chemotactic cytokine and leukocyte subset responses during ultra-marathon running

Shin, Young Oh; Lee, Jeong Beom

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2012.11.019

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our results confirmed that ultraendurance exercise leads to leukocytosis mainly due to an increase in systemic inflammation, as well as neutrophil, and monocytes levels accompanied by a relative decrease of lymphocytes [53].…”

Section: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevitysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The response to exercise-induced muscle damage typically involves an early invasion of neutrophils that, as reported by the literature, are mobilized by cytokine-mediated demargination from the lung vasculature or released from bone marrow in response to the increased catecholamine levels [51,52]. Moreover, prolonged fatiguing exercise is accompanied by disturbances in total WBC (i.e., leukocytosis) and leukocyte subset counts (i.e., neutrophilia, monocytosis, and lymphopenia) [53]. Migration of leukocytes during immune surveillance and inflammation is largely determined by their response to chemokines [54].…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Mrakic‐Sposta

Gussoni

Vezzoli

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The response to strenuous exercise was investigated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage, thiol redox status, and inflammation assessments in 32 enrolled triathlon athletes (41:9 ± 7:9 yrs) during Ironman® (IR), or half Ironman® (HIR) competition. In biological samples, inflammatory cytokines, aminothiols (glutathione (GSH), homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), and cysteinylglycine (CysGly)), creatinine and neopterin, oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers (protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)), and ROS were assessed. Thirteen HIR and fourteen IR athletes finished the race. Postrace, ROS (HIR +20%; IR +28%; p < 0:0001), TBARS (HIR +57%; IR +101%), PC (HIR +101%; IR +130%) and urinary neopterin (HIR +19%, IR +27%) significantly (range p < 0:05-0.0001) increased. Moreover, HIR showed an increase in total Cys +28%, while IR showed total aminothiols, Cys, Hcy, CysGly, and GSH increase by +48, +30, +58, and +158%, respectively (range p < 0:05-0.0001). ROS production was significantly correlated with TBARS and PC (R 2 = 0:38 and R 2 = 0:40; p < 0:0001) and aminothiols levels (range R 2 = 0:17-0.47; range p < 0:01-0.0001). In particular, ROS was directly correlated with the athletes' age (R 2 = 0:19; p < 0:05), with ultraendurance years of training (R 2 = 0:18; p < 0:05) and the days/week training activity (R 2 = 0:16; p < 0:05). Finally, the days/week training activity (hours/in the last 2 weeks) was found inversely correlated with the IL-6 postrace (R 2 = -0:21; p < 0:01). A strenuous performance, the Ironman® distance triathlon competition, alters the oxidant/antioxidant balance through a great OxS response that is directly correlated to the inflammatory parameters; furthermore, the obtained data suggest that an appropriate training time has to be selected in order to achieve the lowest ROS production and IL-6 concentration at the same time.

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Section: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Mrakic‐Sposta

Gussoni

Vezzoli

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Neutrophilia has been associated with hypoxia, and neutropenia markedly impairs innate defense and increases susceptibility to infection. During and after exercise one of the more pronounced features of endurance exercise on immune response is prolonged neutrophilia and impaired neutrophil function [10, 13, 14]. Previous study suggested that neutrophil activation and infiltration follows exercise-induced muscle injury [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marathon Race Affects Neutrophil Surface Molecules: Role of Inflammatory Mediators

et al. 2016

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The fatigue induced by marathon races was observed in terms of inflammatory and immunological outcomes. Neutrophil survival and activation are essential for inflammation resolution and contributes directly to the pathogenesis of many infectious and inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of marathon races on surface molecules related to neutrophil adhesion and extrinsic apoptosis pathway and its association with inflammatory markers. We evaluated 23 trained male runners at the São Paulo International Marathon 2013. The following components were measured: hematological and inflammatory mediators, muscle damage markers, and neutrophil function. The marathon race induced an increased leukocyte and neutrophil counts; creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), CK-MB, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-8 levels. C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α plasma concentrations were significantly higher 24 h and 72 h after the marathon race. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels decreased 72 h after the marathon race. We also observed an increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and decreasedTNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) expression immediately after and 24 h after the marathon race. We observed an increased DNA fragmentation and L-selectin and Fas receptor expressions in the recovery period, indicating a possible slow rolling phase and delayed neutrophil activation and apoptosis. Marathon racing affects neutrophils adhesion and survival in the course of inflammation, supporting the “open-window” post-exercise hypothesis.

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“…Deaths occurred mainly among young participants (< 45 years old). Therefore, scientists are increasingly interested in the issue of the body's response to the extreme effort performed by amateurs, especially economy of the use of energy sources [5][6][7][8], relationship between running speed and maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) [9][10][11][12], changes of biochemical indicators in the blood [4,[13][14][15] that indicate damage to skeletal muscles and organs [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and recently, advantages and threats of such an activity in terms of health [25][26][27][28][29]. Thus, it seems that monitoring of the reaction of the body by observing changes in blood indicators during a marathon run, should be a standard procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run in relation to the age and speed of runners

Jastrzębski

Żychowska

Jastrzębska

et al. 2016

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Objectives: The objective of the study was to reveal morphology, electrolyte and chosen biochemical parameters in terms of health risk in runners in reference to their age and running speed in the case of running a distance of 100 km, which occur after 12 h or 24 h of recovery. Material and Methods: Fourteen experienced, male, amateur, ultra-marathon runners, divided into two age and two speed groups took part in the 100-km run. Blood samples for analyses indexes were collected from the ulnar vein just before the run, after 25 km, 50 km, 75 km and 100 km, as well as 12 h and 24 h after termination of the run. Results: The sustained ultramarathon run along with the distance covered (p < 0.05) caused an increase in myoglobin (max 90-fold), bilirubin (max 2.8-fold) and total antioxidant status (max 1.15-fold), which also continued during the recovery. Significant changes in the number of white blood cells were observed with each sequential course and could be associated with muscle damage. The electrolyte showed changes towards slight hyperkalemia, but no changes in natrium and calcium concentrations. There were no significant differences between the age and speed groups for all the parameters after completing the 100-km run as well as after 12 h and 24 h of recovery. Conclusions: Considering changes in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run it can be stated that such an exhausting effort may be dangerous for human health due to metabolic changes and large damage to the organs. Negative metabolic changes are independent of age of an ultramarathon runner and occur both in younger (32±5.33 years) and older participants (50.56±9.7 years). It can be concluded that organ damage and negative metabolic changes during a 100-km run occur similarly in participants less experienced as well as in well trained runners. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;29(5):801-814

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Leukocyte chemotactic cytokine and leukocyte subset responses during ultra-marathon running

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Marathon Race Affects Neutrophil Surface Molecules: Role of Inflammatory Mediators

Changes in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run in relation to the age and speed of runners

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