1999
DOI: 10.1006/smim.1999.0168
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Leukocyte traffic in the central nervous system: the participants and their roles

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Cited by 317 publications
(209 citation statements)
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References 85 publications
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“…Contrary to previous views on the immune privileged status of the CNS, it is now appreciated that a low level of circulating immune cells, including B cells, migrates across the BBB in the normal state (47)(48)(49). The role of B cells in this physiologic immune surveillance is not fully understood, but it has been shown that, in the presence of intracerebral foreign Ag, specific B cells and plasma cells accumulate in the brain parenchyma and that their effector Abs participate in Ag clearance (50).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Contrary to previous views on the immune privileged status of the CNS, it is now appreciated that a low level of circulating immune cells, including B cells, migrates across the BBB in the normal state (47)(48)(49). The role of B cells in this physiologic immune surveillance is not fully understood, but it has been shown that, in the presence of intracerebral foreign Ag, specific B cells and plasma cells accumulate in the brain parenchyma and that their effector Abs participate in Ag clearance (50).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…13 This type of response supports the hypothesis that there is a humoral component to the pathophysiologic processes of OMS. 23 The capacity of rituximab to destroy CSF B cells might be attributable to interruption of bidirectional B-cell trafficking 24 between the circulation and the brain. B cells might have been targeted when they egressed, or perhaps enough rituximab crossed the blood-brain barrier to kill the cells in the CSF.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The migration of cells from the periphery to the brain parenchyma is highly regulated, and under normal conditions the BBB blocks circulating monocytes from migrating into the brain. However, these structures must be dynamically regulated to allow a small population of lymphocytes engaged in immune surveillance to pass into the brain parenchyma 62,63 and also circulating monocytes to replace perivascular macrophages. 64,65 Some pathological conditions such as viral or bacterial infection can disrupt the integrity of the BBB and allow less restricted passage of leukocytes from the systemic circulation into the brain and additional monocytes to enter the brain.…”
Section: Direct Binding Of Jcpyv To Barriers Of the Cnsmentioning
confidence: 99%