Leveilleites hartnageli Foerste, 1923 (Rhodophyta?) from the Ordovician of Laurentia and Silurian of Baltica: Redescription and designation of a neotype

Mastik, Viirika; Tinn, Oive

doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2017.04.002

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Interestingly, macroscopic algal ultralaminae structures thickness is mostly a few microns in size (Tinn et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2020), which is the same as ultralaminae structures in Figures 3A,B. Further, in the Silurian strata, a large number of macro-benthic algae have been found, such as red algae (Zeng et al, 2015;Nie et al, 2018), green algae (Tinn et al, 2015), and other types of algae (Mastik and Tinn, 2017). In addition, Hu et al (2020) found the red algae cysts through palynological analysis in the shale of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation, and these ultralaminae structures were mainly related to the central axis and longitudinal filaments, presenting a long-axis type (Tinn et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Possible Maceral and Om Pores Sourcessupporting

confidence: 62%

Variation of Organic Pore Structure With Maceral Types in the Longmaxi Shale, Sichuan Basin

Pang

Chaowei

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Organic matter (OM), composed of various macerals, has a strong influence on the enrichment of shale gas. Nevertheless, the connection between OM-hosted pore structure and maceral type is not yet fully understood because of the difficulty to identify the maceral types by traditional scanning electron microscope (SEM). Using a combination of the reflected light microscopy, focused ion beam SEM (FIB-SEM), and Raman spectrum, three maceral types, including alginite, graptolite, and solid bitumen, are identified in the Longmaxi Shale of the Sichuan Basin. The alginate is characterized by the linear arrangement of OM-hosted pores due to the inherited biological structure of benthic algae. Pores in the structureless solid bitumen are randomly distributed with the highest abundance. The graptolite containing pore rarely is unfavorable for the pore generation but can be a good proxy for thermal maturity. Variation in thermal maturity levels accounts for the change of total pore volume in a given marcel type in the Longmaxi Shale obtained from different shale gas fields.

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Section: Possible Maceral and Om Pores Sourcessupporting

confidence: 62%

Variation of Organic Pore Structure With Maceral Types in the Longmaxi Shale, Sichuan Basin

Pang

Chaowei

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…The Jõgeva Beds are dominated by dolomitized packstones and wackestones that contain numerous intervals of 1–10 mm thick lenses of light- to dark-brown, organic-rich, microlaminated, commonly dolomitized micrite. As described in Tinn et al (2009, 2015), Mastik and Tinn (2015, 2017), Männik et al (2016), and Tinn and Märss (2018), the Kalana Lagerstätte preserves numerous taxa of non-calcified thallophytic algae, the most diverse among them dasyclades (Chlorophyta), but the most abundant and common algal species is Leveilleites hartnageli Foerste, 1923, described as a putative rhodophyte. Common faunal elements include graptolites, conodonts, scolecodonts, bryozoans, sponges, and crinoids.…”

Section: Preservation Of the Kalana Lagerstättementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Here we report a small crinoid fauna dominated by a single species from the Kalana Konservat Lagerstätte of central Estonia. The first reports of the Kalana Lagerstätte biota have been published recently (Tinn et al, 2009, 2015; Mastik and Tinn, 2015, 2017; Tinn and Märss, 2018). Because of the unique kind of preservation, only two crinoid species are well enough understood to be fully described and named: a new diplobathrid camerate, Kalanacrinus mastikae n. gen. n.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kalana Lagerstätte crinoids: Early Silurian (Llandovery) of central Estonia

2019

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The Kalana Lagerstätte of early Aeronian (Llandovery, Silurian) age in central Estonia preserves a diverse shallow marine biota dominated by non-calcified algae. This soft-tissue flora and decalcified and calcified crinoids are preserved in situ, in a lens of microlaminated, dolomitized micrite interbedded in a sequence of dolomitized packstones and wackestones. Although the Lagerstätte is dominated by non-calcified algae, crinoids (together with brachiopods and gastropods) are among the most common organisms that were originally comprised of a carbonate skeleton. Two new crinoids are described from this unit, Kalanacrinus mastikae n. gen. n. sp. (large camerate) and Tartucrinus kalanaensis n. gen. n. sp. (small disparid). Interestingly, these two crinoids display contrasting preservation, with the more common large camerate preserved primarily as a decalcified organic residue, whereas the smaller disparid is preserved primarily in calcite. Preservation was assessed using elemental mapping of C, Ca, S, and Si. Columns have the highest portion of Ca, once living soft tissue is indicated by C, S was dispersed as pyrite or associated with organics, and Si is probably associated with clay minerals in the matrix. This new fauna increases our understanding of the crinoid radiation on Baltica following Late Ordovician extinctions.UUID: http://zoobank.org/fb1f98c4-d35a-43f4-aa0d-75e4f8154a13

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