Level and distribution of progesterone in bovine milk in relation to storage in the mammary gland

Waldmann, A.; Ropstad, Erik; Landsverk, K.; Sørensen, Kristina Ulrich; Sølverød, Liv; Dahl, Ellen

doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(99)00036-6

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…McKusick et al (2002) explained that a transfer of milk fat from the alveoli to the cistern occurs during early udder filling; however, this transfer no longer takes place during later intervals, resulting in an accumulation of milk fat in the alveolar compartment. Alveolar milk was richer in fat content than cisternal milk in all breeds and milking intervals, which agrees with observations in dairy cows by Waldmann et al (1999) and dairy ewes by McKusick et al (2002).…”

Section: Short Communicationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Short communication: Effects of milking frequency on udder morphology, milk partitioning, and milk quality in 3 dairy goat breeds

Torres

Castro

Hernández-Castellano

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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Thirty-six dairy goats of 3 breeds (Majorera, Tinerfeña, and Palmera) in mid lactation (124 ± 8 d in milk) were subjected unilaterally to once (× 1) or twice daily milking (× 2) for 5 wk to evaluate udder morphology, milk partitioning, and somatic cell count. Majorera and Palmera goats presented the highest and lowest udder depth values, respectively, whereas the differences between initial and final cistern-floor and teat-floor distances were not affected by milking frequency or breed factors. Cisternal and alveolar milk percentages were similar between × 1 and × 2 in the studied breeds. Milking frequency did not affect milk composition in the cisternal fraction, suggesting a greater transfer of milk from the alveoli to the cistern during early udder filling. However, milking frequency caused diverse changes in the milk composition in the alveolar fraction, especially in fat, lactose, and total solids contents. No udder halves presented clinical mastitis during the experimental period, suggesting that × 1 does not impair udder health and indicating that the studied breeds are adapted to this milking frequency.

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Section: Short Communicationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Short communication: Effects of milking frequency on udder morphology, milk partitioning, and milk quality in 3 dairy goat breeds

Torres

Castro

Hernández-Castellano

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…It is probably related to the highest content of protein in the first 25% alveolar fraction (Waldmann et al, 1999;Ontsouka et al, 2003;Sarikaya et al, 2005) causing a higher percentage of protein at the beginning of milking with pre-stimulation (milk ejection) as compared with milking without stimulation (delayed milk ejection). On the other hand, Bruckmaier et al (2004) did not report the effect of fractions on lactose, protein and SCC in healthy quarters either, but the tendencies of component changes of our results were similar.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Tancin¹,

Uhrincat²,

Mačuhová³

et al. 2007

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Only the milk stored in the cisternal part of the udder is available for machine milking before milk ejection. Due to a high portion of milk stored in the alveolar part (more than 80%) the occurrence of milk ejection induced by tactile stimulation of the udder before milking is required for complete and fast milk removal. The normal milking liner pulsation also induces the milk ejection reflex during milking. However, the full milking vacuum after the removal of cisternal milk and before milk ejection causes the occurrence of bimodal milk flow curves and often a prolongation of milking time at simultaneously reduced milk flow rates (Bruckmaier and Blum, 1998) resulting in a higher risk of mastitis incidences (Rittershaus et al., 2001).The effect of tactile stimulation on the milk flow profile is mainly studied at the whole udder level (Bruckmaier and Blum, 1996). However, the most effective study to see the effects of milk ejection reflex on milk flow should be done at a quarter level (Tančin et al., 2003(Tančin et al., , 2006. Recently we have found a positive relationship between the duration of the decline phase of milk flow and somatic cell counts (Tančin et al., 2002). In the case of bimodal quarter milk flow a longer duration of the decline phase occurred as compared with non-bimodal curves (Tančin et al., 2005). However, there is no detailed study on how premilking stimulation influences the duration of the decline phase. The composition of milk including SCC changes in the course of milking (Bruckmaier et al., 2004). The milk ejection reflex induced before milking by tactile pre-stimulation could also influence the composition of milk in the course of milking. We expect that the pre-stimulation of the udder will improve the distribution of milk constituents during milking, which could be exactly described at a quarter level.The aim of this study was to investigate the milk flow patterns and the composition of milk in the Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate milk flow patterns and milk composition in relation to premilking udder stimulation. The milk of one quarter of each of the sixteen cows was removed separately and in the course of milking it was divided into six fractions (P -cisternal milk during milking without stimulation and the first 300 ml during milking with pre-stimulation, 0-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-100%, 75-100%, MS-machine stripping) and into five portions (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 100% + MS). Two milkings were performed during two consecutive evening milkings with or without manual stimulation. Pre-stimulation resulted in a reduction of milking time, duration of the increase and decline phase of milk flow, stripping yield, but it increased the peak flow rate as compared to milking without pre-stimulation (P < 0.05). In both fractions and portions the content of fat increased steadily during milking and reached a maximum at MS. Lactose increased from P to 50-75% and then it decr...

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“…In order to avoid the effect of the time of milk extraction on the P 4 concentration, samples were collected not later than 1 h after the morning milking [23]. Milk (10 – 15 ml) was collected by handstripping into plastic tubes containing potassium dichromate as a preservative.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of yeast culture on milk production and metabolic and reproductive performance of early lactation dairy cows

et al. 2009

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Level and distribution of progesterone in bovine milk in relation to storage in the mammary gland

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Short communication: Effects of milking frequency on udder morphology, milk partitioning, and milk quality in 3 dairy goat breeds

Short communication: Effects of milking frequency on udder morphology, milk partitioning, and milk quality in 3 dairy goat breeds

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Effect of yeast culture on milk production and metabolic and reproductive performance of early lactation dairy cows

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