Level of immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study

Kassahun, Melkamu Beyene; Biks, Gashaw Andargie; Teferra, Alemayehu Shimeka

doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1192-y

Cited by 79 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Males were three times more likely to be completely vaccinated 3.24 (1.16-9.04) when compared to females. The result is in line with previous study done in northern Ethiopia [5]. But in a study done in Iran, no correlation was detected between gender and immunization status [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Debre Markos Town, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Gualu

Dilie

2017

Advances in Public Health

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Introduction. Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine or a biological substance intended to stimulate a recipient's immune system to produce antibodies or undergo other changes that provide future protection against specific infectious diseases. Objective. To determine vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Debre Markos town 2016. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 288 mothers/caretakers to child (12-23 months) pair. Study populations were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Variables with value of less than 0.05 in multivariate analysis were considered as statistically significant at 95% CI. Result. About 264 (91.7%) of children were completely vaccinated. Male birth 3.24 (1.16-9.04), wanted pregnancy 2.89 (1.17-7.17), having at least two ANC follow-ups 4.04 (1.35-12.06), and short distance from vaccination site 3.38 (1.29-8.86) were found positively associated with complete immunization. Conclusion and Recommendation. There was relatively high immunization coverage in the study. Child's sex, ANC follow-up, type of pregnancy, and distance from health institution were factors associated with complete vaccination. Preventing unwanted pregnancy and promoting ANC and postnatal follow-up should be strengthened. Vaccination sites should also be further expanded.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In another study conducted, 76% of the children were fully immunized. Dropout rate was 6.5% for BCG to measles, 2.7% for Penta 1 to Penta 3, and 4.5% for Pneumonia 1 to Pneumonia 3 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Debre Markos Town, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Gualu

Dilie

2017

Advances in Public Health

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“…In this study, illiterate mothers/caregivers had significantly more fully vaccinated children than educated mothers. In line with this finding, studies in Arba Minch Zuriya Woreda, Lay Armachiho Ethiopia, and Kenya [11][12][13] also showed similar findings. The possible cause might be because illiterate mothers had less understanding of the side effect of the vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia

Tadesse¹,

Shiferaw²,

Tesfahun³

et al. 2019

Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine

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Vaccination is a proven tool to prevent and eradicate communicable diseases. It can prevent more than 2.5 million child deaths each year. However, many children are still left unvaccinated and still die from communicable diseases in developing countries. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the vaccination status in children at Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2017 to September 2017 in Debre Berhan town. A total of five kebeles were included in the study to collect data from 621 study participants. The data were entered into EPI-Info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Only 73% of children were fully vaccinated. Vaccination for oral polio 0, pentavalent3, and measles was done in 47.3%, 79.7%, and 72.6% of the children, respectively. About 19% of the children did not receive any vaccination. The dropout rate for Bacillus Calmette Guerin to measles, pentavalent1 to pentavalent3, and pneumococcus vaccine (PCV) 1 to PCV3 was 10.7%, 1.8%, and 0.6%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, mother's educational status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.102; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.022-0.487), distance from the vaccination site (AOR: 4.669; 95% CI: 1.498-14.547), number of antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR: 4.472; 95% CI: 1.209-16.543), and income of mother per month (AOR: 2.192; 95% CI: 1.112-4.323) were associated factors for unsuccessful vaccination. The vaccination of children was still low in Debre Berhan town. Distance, family income, education, and number of mothers' ANC visit were associated factors for the low coverage of vaccination. Health intervention programs including encouraging awareness of the community is important to achieve the recommended vaccines among children.

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“…Two forms of maternal empowerment, education [8, 9, 12, 31, 34] and utilization of health services such as maternal tetanus vaccination [18, 28], having antenatal care follow up [14] and giving birth in a health facility [12, 14, 27] have been frequently reported as determinants or predictors of complete immunization. In this study, the high workload on mothers usually expressed as being busy was frequently mentioned and the lack of paternal involvement in matters of child health, including immunization were important contributors to defaulting from the program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for defaulting from childhood immunization program: a qualitative study from Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia

A¹,

Letebo²,

Mekonnen³

2016

BMC Public Health

117

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BackgroundReduction of mortality and morbidity from vaccine-preventable diseases in developing countries involves successfully implementing strategies that ensure high coverage and minimize drop-outs and missed opportunities. Achieving maximum coverage, however, has been a challenge due to many reasons, including high rates of defaulters from the program. The objective of this study was to explore the reasons behind defaulting from the immunization program.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted in two districts of Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia between November 2014 and April 2015. A total of twenty-six in-depth interviews were held with mothers of defaulted children aged 6-11months old and key informants from the communities, health centers, and health offices. Observations and review of relevant documents were also conducted. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsIn this study, the main reason for defaulting from the immunization was inadequate counseling of mothers that led to a lack of information about vaccination schedules and service arrangements, including in unusual circumstances such as after missed appointment, loss of vaccination card and when the health workers failed to make home visits. Provider-client relationships are poor with mothers reporting fear of mistreatment and lack of cooperation from service providers. Contrary to what health workers and managers believe, mothers were knowledgeable about the benefits of vaccination. The high workload on mothers compounded by the lack of support from male partners was also found to contribute to the problem. Health system factors that contributed to the problem were poorly arranged and coordinated immunization services, vaccine and supplies stock outs, and lack of viable defaulter tracking systems in the health facilities.ConclusionsThe main reasons for defaulting from the immunization program are poor counseling of mothers, unsupportive provider-client relationships, poor immunization service arrangements, and lack of systems for tracking defaulters. Efforts to reduce defaulter rates from the immunization program need to focus on improving counseling of mothers and strengthening the health systems, especially with regards to service arrangements and tracking of defaulters.

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Level of immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study

Cited by 79 publications

References 10 publications

Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Debre Markos Town, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Debre Markos Town, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia

Reasons for defaulting from childhood immunization program: a qualitative study from Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia

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