Levels and drivers of fishers&amp;#8217; compliance with marine protected areas

Arias, Adrian; Cinner, Joshua E.; Jones, Rhondda; Pressey, Robert L.

doi:10.5751/es-07999-200419

Cited by 102 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Compliance has been recognized as fundamental for successful marine conservation (Keane et al, 2008;Arias et al, 2015;Cinner et al, 2016). Therefore, understanding drivers of (non-) compliance as well as barriers to enforcement is crucial in the assessment of marine management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Drivers of Local (Non-) Compliance in Community-Based Marine Resource Management: Case Studies from the South Pacific

et al. 2017

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The outcomes of marine conservation and related management interventions depend to a large extent on people's compliance with these rule systems. In the South Pacific, community-based marine resource management (CBMRM) has gained wide recognition as a strategy for the sustainable management of marine resources. In current practice, CBMRM initiatives often build upon customary forms of marine governance, integrating scientific advice and management principles in collaboration with external partners. However, diverse socio-economic developments as well as limited legal mandates can challenge these approaches. Compliance with and effective (legally-backed) enforcement of local management strategies constitute a growing challenge for communities-often resulting in considerable impact on the success or failure of CBMRM. Marine management arrangements are highly dynamic over time, and similarly compliance with rule systems tends to change depending on context. Understanding the factors contributing to (non-) compliance in a given setting is key to the design and function of adaptive management approaches. Yet, few empirical studies have looked in depth into the dynamics around local (non-) compliance with local marine tenure rules under the transforming management arrangements. Using two case studies from Solomon Islands and Fiji, we investigate what drives local (non-) compliance with CBMRM and what hinders or supports its effective enforcement. The case studies reveal that non-compliance is mainly driven by: (1) diminishing perceived legitimacy of local rules and rule-makers; (2) increased incentives to break rules due to market access and/ or lack of alternative income; and (3) relatively weak enforcement of local rules (i.e., low perceptions of risk from sanctions for rule-breaking). These drivers do not stand alone but can act together and add up to impair effective management. We further analyze how enforcement of CBMRM is challenged through a range of institutional; socio-cultural and technical/financial constraints, which are in parts a result Rohe et al. Multiple Drivers of Local (Non-) Compliance of the dynamism and ongoing transformations of management arrangements. Our study underlines the importance of better understanding and contextualizing marine resource management processes under dynamic conditions for an improved understanding of compliance in a particular setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Drivers of Local (Non-) Compliance in Community-Based Marine Resource Management: Case Studies from the South Pacific

et al. 2017

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“…The Hawke Box in many ways exemplifies how closures can and should be implemented in prime fishing areas, based on the knowledge and involvement of local fishing communities. Such implementations will almost certainly be more effective in achieving both fisheries and biodiversity conservation goals -they will be better supported, with higher rates of compliance, than those that do not have such characteristics (Agardy et al 2011;Arias et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of closing bottom trawling on fisheries, biodiversity, and fishing communities in a boreal marine ecosystem: the Hawke Box off Labrador, Canada

Kincaid

Rose

2017

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Abstract:The Hawke Box is an offshore area (8610 km 2 ) of the boreal Northwest Atlantic that at the request of local fishers was closed to trawling and gillnetting in 2003, but remained open to seasonal snow crab (Chionocetes opilio) pot fishing. Closure was a precautionary management measure primarily to sustain the crab fishery and secondarily to conserve cod known to aggregate there. Fall (1996Fall ( -2013Fall ( ) and spring (1996Fall ( -2003Fall ( , 2015 surveys indicated that biological community assemblages changed significantly before-after and inside-outside the closure (PERMANOVA P < 0.01). Crab fishery data (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) indicated that landings and relative production declined throughout the region after closure, but was significantly more outside than inside. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) increased inside and outside the closure, and several other demersal species increased significantly more inside. The Hawke Box provides a unique boreal area for the study of restrictions on trawling and gillnetting in an area with historically strong fisheries, restrictions that are strongly supported by local fishers. The overall evidence suggests that within a decade the Hawke Box has benefited fisheries communities, fisheries production, and biodiversity conservation.Résumé : La Hawke Box est une zone extracôtière (8610 km 2 ) de l'Atlantique Nord-Ouest boréal qui, à la demande de pêcheurs locaux, a été fermée à la pêche au chalut et au filet maillant en 2003, mais est demeurée ouverte à la pêche au casier saisonnière au crabe des neiges (Chionoecetes opilio). La fermeture constituait une mesure de gestion préventive visant en premier lieu à soutenir la pêche au crabe et, en deuxième lieu, à conserver les morues qui se regroupent dans cette zone. Des évaluations automnales (1996-2013) et printanières (1996-2003, 2015) indiquent que les assemblages de la communauté biologique ont changé de manière significative après la fermeture et diffèrent selon qu'ils sont à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de la zone visée par la fermeture (P de l'analyse PERMANOVA < 0,01). Des données sur la pêche au crabe (1996-2013) indiquent que les débarquements et la production relative ont baissé dans toute la région après la fermeture, mais significativement plus à l'extérieur qu'à l'intérieur de la zone de fermeture. L'abondance de la morue (Gadus morhua) a augmenté tant à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur de la zone, et celle de plusieurs autres espèces démersales a augmenté significativement plus à l'intérieur de la zone. La Hawke Box constitue une zone boréale unique pour l'étude des restrictions sur la pêche au chalut et au filet maillant dans une région caractérisée par des pêches traditionnellement fortes, restrictions fortement soutenues par les pêcheurs locaux. Dans l'ensemble, les données probantes portent à croire que, en une décennie, la Hawke Box a été bénéfique pour les collectivités de pêcheurs, la production des pêches et la conservat...

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“…Although the results outlined in the present study are unique to the MPA, the problems linked with community support, governance, and enforcement pervade MPAs worldwide (Rife et al 2013;Arias et al 2015;Ornat and Vignes 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

A False Sense of Protection: Recreational Uses and Illegal Behavior in a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area and Implications for Management

Manna¹,

Sarà

2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Over the last 35 years, at both the European and the Italian level, great efforts have been made to increase the number of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs): they are considered an effective tool for protecting oceans and biodiversity. In recent years, MPAs have become more than simply tools to improve marine conservation. In fact, their management agencies are actively involved in the sustainable development of nearby communities through the promotion of recreational activities (boating, snorkeling, diving). Even if the recreational uses of the marine environment are generally considered benign, they can potentially be highly detrimental for species and their habitats. As a result, these activities should be controlled through the spatial zoning and the regulation of the MPAs. Thus, the achievement of the conservation goals of the MPAs depends primarily on compliance with the regulations of recreational uses inside their boundaries. The objective of this study was to estimate boating usage and the related level of compliance inside the Capo Gallo and Isola delle Femmine (Italy) MPA. The spatial and temporal trend of boating and the behaviors of boaters were measured through direct observation over a period of 2 summer months. The study highlighted a weakness in the effectiveness of this MPA, linked to a social component and compliance with the regulation. Solutions for effective management plans are outlined thanks to an understanding of the limitations and potential of existing MPA policies. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–13. © 2019 SETAC

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Levels and drivers of fishers’ compliance with marine protected areas

Cited by 102 publications

References 37 publications

Multiple Drivers of Local (Non-) Compliance in Community-Based Marine Resource Management: Case Studies from the South Pacific

Multiple Drivers of Local (Non-) Compliance in Community-Based Marine Resource Management: Case Studies from the South Pacific

Effects of closing bottom trawling on fisheries, biodiversity, and fishing communities in a boreal marine ecosystem: the Hawke Box off Labrador, Canada

A False Sense of Protection: Recreational Uses and Illegal Behavior in a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area and Implications for Management

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